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| Bose-Einstein Condensation and Superchemistry |
| | Bose condensation is a newly observed experimental effect in which a group of trapped bosonic atoms is cooled to around one microkelvin, leaving all the atoms occupying essentially a single quantum state, leading to the idea of an atom laser. An exciting new concept in this field is the idea of studying the coherent interactions of molecules and atoms, leading to a completely new type of coherent, nonlinear `superchemistry'. First observations of molecular condensates via a Feshbach resonance were announced in March, 2002, by JILA.
Topics:
First principles theory of quantum evaporative cooling
`Super-chemistry': coherent molecule formation
Correlated and entangled atomic beams from molecular condensates
Low-dimensional behaviour: solitons and correlations in 1D
Scissor and breathing mode excitation in atom traps
Three-dimensional solitons in atom-molecular condensates.
"Superchemistry", a predicted coherent oscillation between atomic and molecular BECs.
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| Quantum Dynamics |
| | Computational and mathematical physics is the study of the tools of the physicist. Of the theoretical problems of the moment, the study of quantum dynamics of many-body systems is the deepest, and often described as insoluble. We are making progress in this field through the use of novel operator representations, which allow us to transform these problems into stochastic equations. This has led to the idea of `stochastic gauges', a novel technique for transforming quantum operator equations into a family of stochastic equations, which can be then optimized for computational performance.
Topics:
Representation theory using quantum stochastic gauges.
Algorithms for solving partial stochastic differential equations
Code-generation for stochastic equation solvers using the XML language
Stochastic gauge choices for master equations and canonical ensembles
Novel techniques - squeezed state expansions, multiple coherent states
Applications and comparisons with exactly soluble and non-integrable models
A quantum dynamical simulation of the formation of a BEC by evaporative cooling (this is the first calculation of its type, showing a peak in momentum space).
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| Quantum Solitons |
| | Quantum solitons have a universal behavior in quantum field theory, as particle-like objects that correspond to bound states of the qantum field. These are being intensively studied in an effort to obtain realistic physical models for experimentally observable quantum solitons. In particular, higher dimensional solitons are now possible in theory, and represent a new frontier in this challenging research field.
Topics:
Quantum solitons in optical fibers
Quantum solitons in parametric nonlinear optics
Quantum effects in solitons in Bose condensates
Formation of solitons in two and three dimensions
Solitonic properties of molecular condensates
Quantum solitons in atom waveguides
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| Quantum optics |
| | Quantum optics is the study of the interaction of photons and atoms, at the fundamental level of quantum theory. It is characterized by the use of non-perturbative methods, often involving the inclusion of reservoirs to treat relaxation to an environment. It is fundamental to many fields, including laser theory, quantum limited communication and measurement, quantum cryptography, and certain types of quantum computing.
Topics:
Fundamental theory of photons in dielectrics
Dual symmetric forms of QED for quantum optics
Limits to quantum squeezing in parametric amplifiers
Quantum properties of Josephson devices
Quantum images: phase-transitions in planar parametric models
Superfluorescent modelocked lasers
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| Photonics |
| | Photonics is the study of photons in communications and logic devices; it is the electromagnetic analog of electronics. The typical purpose here is to study the applications of lasers and fiber optics, as the centerpiece to practically all modern high-speed communications systems.
Topics:
Propagation of ultra-short pulses in optical fibers
Regeneration and reshaping of pulses using direct photonic amplification
Optical switching of solitons using parametric nonlinearities.
4-R regeneration via wideband parametric amplifiers
Parametric amplifiers in photonic bandgap material
Parametric logic gates in PB material
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| Quantum Information |
| | Quantum information is the study of quantum effects in information theory; it also covers tests of quantum mechanics via quantum correlations, cryptography, and quantum computing. Tests of quantum mechanics are vital to physics; we must test fundamental theories to be sure that the foundations of physics are on solid ground.
Topics:
Macroscopic tests of quantum theory using quadrature phase
Information theoretic limits on quantum dynamics
Relating entanglement measures to operational measurement
Quantum information in correlated atomic beams
Schroedinger cat behavior in quantum optics
Techniques for continuous variable quantum cryptography
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