| 15-16 | For a detailed account of Epicureanism, see OCCL 215-216. |
| 17 | orationis turpitudinis: The abstract noun turpitudo pinpoints the essential quality of the statement, namely its shamefulness. See the translation and the note on 5.10. |
| 20 | Further to Austin, see OCCL 540 on Stoics. |
| 22-27 | These lines contain three relative clauses of characteristic. |
| 28-29 | qui aspernetur .... capiatur .... excludat: relative clauses of characteristic. |
| 1-2 | ego .... iratos: antithesis. |
| 4 | relinquatur: the first of a long procession of jussive subjunctives, the last being reuocet (15). |
| 5-6 | Further to Austin, we should normally expect ne instead of non. |
| 7 | dum modo: MBA 439, Note. |
| 9-12 | Seven ne-clauses provide a striking example of epanaphora. |
| 12 | ne intersit insidiis: Compounds of sum regularly take the dative. |
| 17 | Further to Austin, a gerund, of course, is simply a verbal noun.
The message in this Section appears to be "Moderation in all things, including moderation." In other words, Cicero is trying to have it all ways. |
| 23 | uosmet: a more emphatic form of uos. It gathers still more force from its collocation with uobiscum.
recordamini: 2nd, plural, present imperative of the deponent verb recordor (1), "I recollect". |
| 25-27 | si uellem .... praedicarentur: unreal condition, present time. |
| 27-29 | quorum .... nominarentur: a relative clause of characteristic. |
| 29-1 | quae .... qui uellet .... defenderet: again, clauses of characteristic.
adulescentiae: genitive of definition, qualifying excusatione. (MBA 304) |
| 3 | fretus uestra sapientia: the same kind of flattery as before. |
| 4-5 | nulla .... nulli .... nullum .... nulla: epanaphora. |
| 5 | In this context lustrorum means "brothels". |
| 6 | uentris et gurgitis: genitives of definition. |
| 6-7 | Cicero's observations on gluttony would win the approval of any modern health professional. |
| 8 | praeditis: dative of the possessor. (MBA 257) |
| 10 | occupatum impeditumue: These terms are used predicatively, i.e. they come about as a result of the action of tenuerunt. |
| 11 | audistis: sc. hunc or eum. |
| 14 | Flattery again, though this time prudentia has replaced sapientia (44.3).
quae uestra prudentia est: Austin's note on the syntax is important. |
| 16 | etiam si industria non alitur: Is this one of Cicero's free and daring concessions? Cf. 44.3-4. |
| 19 | scitote: 2nd, plural, future imperative. |
| 21-25 | non potest ut .... possit sustinere: pleonasm. |
| 22-23 | saepe nimia copia, inopia non numquam: chiasmus (adverb, ablative, ablative, adverb). |
Although a career as an orator has great rewards, few undertake it because of the sacrifices it requires. If Caelius is as dissolute as his critics say, would he persist in facing the challenges that have confronted him recently? Events at Baiae reveal the existence of a depraved and wanton woman who is wholly without shame. |
|
| 20 | Austin's note, with accompanying examples, on the Roman attitude to prostitutes is most important. |
| 24 | factitare is a frequentative form of facere. |
| 24-25 | quando x 4: epanaphora. |
| 2-12 | I take patefecerit (2), conlocarit (3), instituerit (4) and fuerit (10) to be perfect subjunctives, the perfect form denoting the momentary nature of the action; the subjunctive, ideal condition, consistent with the present subjunctives faciat (5), gerat (6) and uideatur (12). |
| 4-5 | si x 4: epanaphora. |
| 7 | Further to Austin, Clodia's unflattering Greek nickname means "ox-eyed". J. W. Zarker cites five passages in Cicero's letters where he describes Clodia as an "ox-eyed Juno". "The expression is usually taken to refer to the fact that Juno is both sister and wife of Jupiter; hence it is taken as an allusion to the incestual relationship of brother and sister." ("Lesbia's Charms", Classical Journal 68 (1972).111)
homoeoteleuton is a Greek term meaning "similarity of endings", here between oculorum and sermonum, not to mention the more striking example in line 6, incessu .... ornatu ... comitatu. |
| 8 | actis .... conuiuiis: Unlike Austin, I believe these ablatives are instrumental. |
| 10-12 | utrum .... an .... uideatur: an alternative direct question. (MBA 159-160) |
| 11-12 | expugnare pudicitiam .... explere libidinem: antithesis. |
| 12 | libidinem: hers or his? Both, I imagine. See the translation.
As Cicero pillories Clodia, he entertains and titillates his hearers, thereby distracting them from the weak points of his case. "Clodia's devotion to family seems to have been limited to an inclination towards her youngest brother." (Geffcken 29-30) The Spanish scholar M. Serrato Garrido agrees that Cicero's letters and the Pro Caelio show that Clodia was intelligent, emancipated from the social conventions of her era and a friend of literature and the arts. ("Clodia en Cicerón", Anales de la Universidad de Cadiz 2(1985). 123-134) She certainly knew how to enjoy herself in a great variety of ways. A case of "Good girls go to heaven, bad girls go everywhere"? |
| 13 | iniurias: Verbs of remembering and forgetting can take the accusative as well as the genitive, especially of things. (GL 376, Remark 2) |
| 15 | sint: jussive subjunctive. |
| 17-21 | si .... sit .... uideatur: ideal condition. |
| 18 | paulo ante: i.e. in Section 49. |
| 21-22 | quod obiciant: a relative clause of characteristic. |
| 23 | pertimescamus: jussive subjunctive. |
| 25 | defendet: When defendere governs an accusative and infinitive, as here, it means "to say by way of defence, urge in defence". |