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- Salmacis and Hermaphroditus
belongs to a class of poetry, sometimes known as epyllia,
that was popular in the late Elizabethan period. The most famous
examples of this genre are Marlowe's Hero
and Leander and Shakespeare's Venus
and Adonis. The term epyllia (s. epyllion)
is used to describe narrative poems which resemble epic poetry
in style or manner but are of shorter extent. Most Elizabethan
poems in the genre are based upon adaptations of stories found
in Ovid's Metamorphoses.
In the case of Salmacis and Hermaphroditus it is the story
from Book
IV which tells of the sexual and physical merging of the youth
Hermaphroditus with the nymph Salmacis.
- The poem was first
published in 1602 by John Hodgets and bears no reference to Francis
Beaumont as the author, however, Beaumont's authorship of the
poem has never been seriously challenged.
Some
Further Reading
Beaumont,
Francis. "Salmacis and Hermaphroditus." Elizabethan
Minor Epics. Ed. Elizabeth Story Donno. New York: Columbia University
Press; London: Routledge, 1963. 281-304. Contains many
other epyllia including Marlowe's Hero and Leander, Chapman's
extension of the same, and Heywood's Oenone and Paris, as
well as a brief introduction.
Golding, Arthur. Shakespeare's
Ovid. Gen. Ed. J. M. Cohen. Carbondale, Illinois:
Southern Illinois UP, 1961.
Keach, William. Elizabethan
Erotic Narratives. Hassocks, Sussex: The Harvester Press, 977.
Krier, Theresa M. "Sappho's
Apples: The Allusiveness of Blushes in Ovid and Beaumont."
Comparative
Literature Studies 25 (1988): 1-21.
Ovid. Metamorphoses.
Any translation. Or click here
to view the on-line edition at The
Perseus Project.
Smith, Bruce R. Homosexual Desire in Shakespeare's England: A Cultural Politics. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1991.
Additional
Interesting Reading in the Genre
Bate, Jonathon.
Shakespeare and Ovid. Oxford: Claredon Press, 1994.
Bullough,
Geoffrey Ed. Narrative and Dramatic Sources of Shakespeare.
Vol. 1. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1957.
Campbell, Marion. "`Desunt Nonnulla': The Construction of Marlowe's
`Hero and Leander' as an Unfinished Poem." ELH
51 (1984): 241-268.
Ovid. "Elegies." Trans. Christopher Marlowe. The Complete
Works of Christopher Marlowe. Ed. Roma Gill. Vol. 1. Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 1987. 13-84; or Christopher Marlowe: The Complete
Poems and Translations. Ed. Stephen Orgel. London: Penguin Books,
1971; or the online edition available here
from The
Perseus Project.
---. Heroides and Amores. Any translation. Or view the on-line
edition at The
Perseus Project (preform a search for "Ovid").
Royston, Pamela L. "`Hero and Leander' and the Eavesdropping
Reader." John
Donne Journal. 2 (1983): 31-53.
Voch, James J. "The Eye of Venus: Shakespeare's Erotic Landscape."
Studies
in
English Literature 20 (1980): 59-71.
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