topicIndexAtoB

School Science Lessons
Chemistry index and minerals
Updated: 2009-11-06
Please send comments to: J.Elfick@uq.edu.au

Table of contents
Index items 1,2,3
Index items A to B
Index items C
Index items D to H
Index items I to N
Index items O to P
Index items Q to S
Index items T to Z

Index, items A to B
Abbreviations: 13.0
Absolute alcohol, ethanol, ethyl alcohol
Abundance of elements in the Earth's crust: 35.3.0
Abundance of elements in the Sun: 35.3.01
Abuse of volatile substances, inhalants: 11.11.01
Accumulator, lead accumulator cell, lead-acid rechargeable battery: 3.87
Accumulator, prepare electrolyte for a lead accumulator cell: 8.6
Accuracy and error: 3.3.1.0
Acetaldehyde, C₂H₄O, ethanal, ethyl aldehyde, acetic aldehyde, HARMFUL, HIGHLY FLAMMABLE
Acetals: 16.1.3.8
Acetamide, CH₃CONH₂, ethanamide,
Acetaminophen, aspirin and analgesics, paracetamol, acetaminophen (Panadol, Tylenol): 11.11.6
Acetic acid, CH₃COOH, ethanoic acid, acetic acid, glacial acetic acid, vinegar, analytical reagent, HARMFUL, CORROSIVE
Acetic anhydride, (CH₃CO)₂O, ethanoic anhydride
Acetates, ethanoates, ethyl acetate, ethyl ethanoate: 16.1.3.6
Acetates, tests for acetates: 12.11.5.1
Acetic alcohol, microscopy stain: 3.1
Aceto-alcohol, biology fixative: 4.1
Aceto-orcein stain, microscopy stain: 3.2
Acetocarmine, microscopy stain: 3.3
Acetone, CH₃COCH_3, propanone
Acetylene, (C₂H₂), ethyne
Acetylenes, alkynes
Acetyl chloride, acecoline, arterocoline
Acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, C₉H₈O_4,acetyl salicyclic acid, aspirin,
Acid-base indicators: 5.3.4
Acid-base reactions: 12.2.5
Acid alcohol, biology solution: 1.1
Acid demand of swimming pools: 18.7.21.1
Acidic oxide
Acidity
Acidity regulators, food additive: 19.4.4.8
Acid fuchsin, Andrade's acid fuchsin, acid-base indicator
Acid radicals, tests for acid radicals in solution: 12.11.5.0
Acid rain and nitrogen oxides, NO_x: 3.48
Acid rain, SOx, formation of acid rain, by burning sulfur or sulfur compounds: 12.6.0.1
Acids
Acids and bases, prepare dilute acids and bases: 3.4.3
Acids and bases, Preparation instructions for acids and bases: 7.0
Acids with:
Acridine Orange (basic), ( CI. 46005)
Acridine Orange (CI.22657)
Acrilan, names of polymers: 3.4.03
Acronitrile, C₃H₃N, vinyl cyanide, cyanoethylene, propenenitrile, TOXIC, HIGHLY FLAMMABLE
Acrylamide, 2-propenamide, ethylene carboxamide, acrylic amide, vinyl amide: 16.1.5.6.1
Actinium, Ac, Table of the elements
Actinoid (actinide series): Periodic Table
Actinoid (actinide series): Table of the elements
Activated carbon (charcoal activated): 11.0
Activated complex, with cobalt (II) chloride as catalyst: 17.3.6
Activity series of metals as reducing agents: 12.14.0
Acyclic hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes: 16.1.1
Acyl halides, (acyl RCO, suffix -oyl)) (acid halides): 16.1.5.5
Adding chemicals to a reaction or container, handling and transferring chemicals: 3.4.10
Addition polymers: 3.4.2
Additives that may cause problems to children: 19.4.4.3
Adenine, structure of DNA and RNA: 4.4.01
Adenosine-5-diphosphate, ADP, (sodium salt)
Adenosine-5-monophosphate, AMP, (sodium salt)
Adenosine-5-triphosphoric acid, ATP, (sodium salt): 16.11.3
Adhesion, forces of adhesion: 3.01
Adhesives
Adipic acid
Adipoyl chloride, C₆H₈Cl₂O_2, hexanedioly dichloride, HARMFUL, CORROSIVE
Adrenaline, (epinephrine)
Aerobic: 7.9.2
Aerosols (fogs): 7.8.0.5
Aerosol colloids, smoke: 7.8.4.1
Aesculin (Escalin): 16.3.5.1
Aflotoxins, polyketides, polyketide antibiotics, aflotoxins: 16.3.2.7
Agar, agar agar, agar powder, nutrient agar, tablets, macassar gum, gels in the home kitchen
Agar (potato) dextrose
Agar, cornmeal
Agate, Chalcedony
Air, composition of the atmosphere and greenhouse gases: 3.32.1
Air pollution, burning refuse
Air pressure
Alabaster (Geology): 35.22.6.1
Albumen, (albumins), albumen egg powder, egg white, albumen, and egg yolk: 19.2.10
Albumin, (chicken), Tests for albumin and gelatine: 16.6.4
Albustix, tests for proteins, albustix test strips: 16.6.8
Alcohols
Aldehydes, aldehydes group: (-CHO), suffix: (-al), ketones, quinones: 16.3.1.0
Alditols, polyhydric alcohols, mannitol: 16.3.2.3
Aliphatic, acyclic hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes: 16.1.1
Aliphatic products: 16.3.1
Aliquot: 7.9.3
Alizarin red powder (C.I. 58000), alizarin, C₁₄H₈O_4, glucoside in Rubia tinctoria, Rubiaceae, sodium alizarin sulfonate
Alizarin yellow R, acid-base indicator
Alkali
Alkaline iodide, (500 g NaOH, 135 g NaI, 10 g NaN₃ in 1 L of water), TOXIC
Alkaline pyrogallol, (Solution A), (Solution B)
Alkaloids
Alkanes, (C_nH_2n+2), (paraffins), paraffin hydrocarbon: 16.1.1.1
Alkanes, (paraffins) collect and weigh the gaseous products of a burning candle: 3.28.4
Alkenes, (C_nH_2n) olefins: 16.1.1.2
See diagram 16.1.1: Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes
Alkyd resin: 16.11.1
Alkylation: 16.11.2
Alkynes (C_nH_2n-2) acetylenes: prepare ethyne (acetylene) C₂H₂: 16.1.1.3
Allinase, alliin (S-allylcysteine) allicin (diallyl thiosulfionate) garlic: 19.2.27
Alloys: 34.1.0
Alpha amino acids, Table of the 20 alpha amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2
Alpha-naphthol, Naphthols: 16.1.3.2.1
Alpha-naphthol, See diagram 16.1.4.3: Phenols, Quinones, naphthols
Alpha-naphthol test, Tests for carbohydrates, Molisch's test: 9.134
Alpha-napthol tests for carbohydrates, (Molisch's test), mix with solution + conc. sulfuric acid, violet ring forms
Alum, aluminium potasium sulfate, potash alum
Alumina, aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide
Aluminium, granules (stabilized), metal leaf, metal powder, FLAMMABLE POWDER
Aluminium compounds
Amaranth (CI: 16185)
American liquid measures, US measures: 3.5.3
Americium, Am, Table of the elements
Amethyst, quartz: 35.14.3
Amides, amides group: (-CONH₂, RCONH₂) suffix: -amide: 16.1.5.6
Amido phthalic acid and amido-tarephthalic acid: 16.3.5.2
Amine intolerance, food: 19.4.2.2.2
Amines, aliphatic amines (RNH₂^-, R = alkyl group) Amines group: (-NH₂) suffix: -amine: 16.2.4.3
Amines, primary (methylamine, CH3NH₂), secondary (dimethylamine, (CH₃)₂NH), tertiary (trimethylamine, (CH₃)₃N)
Amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2
Amino acids, RCH(NH₂)COOH
Aminoethanoic acid, aminoacetic acid, glycine, powder, NH₂CH₂COOH
Amitripyline: See diagram 14.05
Ammonia
Ammonium compounds
Amount of substance, the mole: 5.1.0
Ampere, electric current: 6.3.1.4
Amphetamine, 1-phenyl-2-aminopropane, C₆H₅CH₂CH(NH₂)CH₃
Amphetamines, amphetamine, epinephrine (adrenaline): See diagram 14.03
Amphetamines, amphetamine, epinephrine (adrenaline) amphetamine-type stimulants: 11.11.4
Amphetamines, cocaine and amphetamines: 11.11.3a
Amphibole, hornblende: 35.17
Amphoteric
Amyl acetate, prepare esters, amyl acetate (pear oil): 16.5.6
Amyl alcohol, iso amyl alcohol
Amylase,Hydrolysis of starch by salivary amylase (ptyalin): 9.130
Amylose (from potatoes)
Amylobarbital, pentobarbital, barbiturates, phenobarbital, amylobarbital, pentobarbital, thiopental: 11.11.7
Analar reagent, commercial chemical of known purity
Analgesics, Aspirin and analgesics, paracetamol, acetaminophen (Panadol, Tylenol): 11.11.6
L-alanine
Angle experiments, (Primary)
Anglesite, (Geology), (lead (II) sulfate, PbSO₄ ): 35.20.1
Aniline, phenylamine, aminobenzene, C₆H₅NH₂, (phenylammonium ion. anilinium ion, C₆H₅NH₃⁺), TOXIC, ENVIRONMENT
Aniline blue (C.L. 42755), China blue, cotton blue, water blue, (alcohol soluble)
Aniline blue (water soluble) C.I 42780
Aniline hydrochloride, microscopy stain: 3.4
Aniline sulfate, microscopy stain: 3.5
Animals, live animals, laboratory safety: 3.2.5
Anion compounds, hazards of anion compounds: 3.7.0
Anion, tests for anions in unknown solution, tests for acid radicals in solution: 12.11.5.0
Anodize aluminium: 15.1.8
Antacids
Anthocyanins, flavonoids, betaines, flavones, anthocyanin, flavonols, flavanones, flavans, chalcones: 16.3.4.2
Anthracene, C₁₄H_10, paranaphthalene, anthracin, IRRITANT
Anti-bumping, granules (boiling chips) boiling point (b.p.) of liquids: 7.5.0
Anti-caking agents, food additive: 19.4.4.9
Anti-freeze
Anti-histamine, antihistamines, histamine, dexchlorpheniramine (Polaramine): 11.11.5
Antibiotics, disinfectants, antiseptics and antibiotics: 9.215
Antibiotics, penicillin: 2.1.6
Antifreeze, melting point of ice and freezing point, f.p., of water, antifreeze: 7.4.3
Antimony
Antimony compounds
Antioxidant phenols, antioxidants, vitamin E, beta carotene: 19.2.1.6
Antioxidants, BHA, BHT, TBHQ, propyl gallate, vitamin E: See diagram 19.2.1.6
Antioxidants, food additive: 19.4.4.10
Antiseptics, disinfectants, antiseptics and antibiotics: 9.215
Apothecaries' weight: 3.2.4
Apparatus, prepare stock materials and apparatus: 2.6
Aquadag (graphite soln)
Aqua regia, "royal water", dissolves gold, (3 vols concentrated HCl + 1 vol concentrated HNO₃)
Aqueous solutions, solubility in water: 3.9
Aqueous solution, states of matter, solid (s), liquid (l), gas (g), aqueous solution (dissolved in water) (aq)
Arachidic acid
Arachidonic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₃(CH₂CH:CH)_4-(CH₂)₃COOH, in cell membranes
Aragonite, dimorphism: 35.33.2
Araldite M (Sigma #10951)
Araldite M Accelerator 960
Araldite M Hardener 964
Area (shape) experiments, (Primary)
Arginine
Argon
Aromatics, aromatic compounds, benzene derivatives, ring systems, arenes: benzene, toluene, naphthalene: 16.3.4.0
Arsenate, tests for arsenates: 12.11.5.3
Arsenic
Artificial sweeteners: 16.7.16
Asbestos, (Geology), asbestos fibre, mineral wool: 35.20.3
Asbestos, 5% platinised, platinised asbestos
Ascorbic acid L-, L-ascorbic acid, vitamin C
Ascorbic acid powder pillows
Ash content, moisture content of plant organs and ash content of plant dry matter: 9.3.15
Aspartame, sweeteners phenylalanine and aspartame: 19.4.2.5
Asparagine D-, Asparagine L-
Aspartic acid L-, 2-aminopentanedioic acid, glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, (amino acid): See diagram 16.3.6.0.1
Asphalt |: 16.1.12: fractional distillation of crude oil |: 16.2.10: coal tar products
Aspirin, C₉H₈O₄_,acetylsalicylic acid, acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, acetophen, ASA, entrophen, HARM
Aspirin and analgesics, paracetamol, acetaminophen (Panadol, Tylenol): 11.11.6
Astatine, At, Table of the elements
Atmosphere, composition of the atmosphere and greenhouse gases: 3.32.1
Atmosphere, inversion layers: 37.39.2
Atmosphere, layers of the atmosphere: 37.39.1
Atmosphere, layers of the atmosphere: 8.39.1
Atmosphere, statics of fluids, static pressure, the pascal (Pa): 12.1.0
Atmospheric pressure: 12.1.04
Atomic number: Table of the elements
Atomic mass, Elements and chemical reactions: 7.2.2
Atomic weight: Table of the elements
Atoms, "Images of atoms"
Atoms, make molecular models: 3.5.1
ATP, adenosine triphosphate: 6.6.1.1
ATP, adenosine triphosphate: 16.11.3
Atropine, amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2
Atropine, hallucinogenic drugs: 11.11.9
Atropine, poisonous alkaloid from plants, deadly nightshade, belladonna, from amino acids: 16.3.6.4
Autocatalysis
Autoionization of water
Avogadro
Avoirdupois weight: 3.2.1
Azeotrope: 7.9.7
Azomethine, Schiff base: See diagram 16.13.4.7
Azurite (Geology) (copper carbonate): 35.20.4
Bacteria in food: 19.3.6.14
Bakelite, prepare Bakelite plastic: 3.4.9
Baking powder / baking soda
Balloon, rate of reaction, measure with balloons, dilute hydrichloric acid with marble chips: 17.1.4
Ball pen ink, separate inks in ball pen ink: 3.24.1
Barber's relaxing fluid, insect fixing fluid: 4.7
Barbiturates |: 16.3.4.0.5a
Barbiturates, phenobarbital, amylobarbital, pentobarbital, thiopental: 11.11.7
Barium
Barium compounds
Base, "speed" and "base", abuse of volatile substances: 11.11.4.1
Base units, International System of Units (SI) the 7 base units: 6.3.1
Bases
Basic oxide
Battery, motor car battery: 3.87
Bauxite |: 35.20.4a (Geology)
BCDMH, bromine products: 18.7.19
BCIP-(dipotassium salt)
Bean curd, prepare bean curd: 7.8.2.3
Beauty and skin care products: 19.7.0
Beef extract
Beef liver, enzyme catalase with raw beef liver and with hydrogen peroxide: 17.3.8
Beer's law, total dissolved solids and suspended solids in water: 18.2.0
Beeswax, (white), prepare a beeswax candle, 8.1.2.1
Benedict's solution, HARMFUL. (aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate dihydrate, 2,5-difluorotoluene): 1.3
Benedict's reagent, Benedict's tests for reducing sugars, urine test: 9.141
Bentonite: 35.22.4.4
Bentonite clay
Benzaldehyde, benzenecarbaldehyde, benzene aldehyde, C₆H₅CHO, almond kernel flavouring
Benzene, C₆H₆
Benzfuran, coumarone, C₈H₆O
Benzodiazepines: 16.3.4.0.5b
Benzofuranoids, benzopyranoids: 16.3.4.1
Benzoic acid, benzenecarboxylic acid, phenylformic acid, C₆H₅COOH
Benzol
Benzopurpurin 4B, acid-base indicator
Benzoin
Benzyl acetate
Benzyl alcohol
Benzylamine
Benzyl benzoate
Benzyl bromide
Benzyl chloride
Benzoyl chloride, benzenecarbonyl chloride, C₆H₅COCl
Benzoyl group, benzenecarbonyl group: 16.1.3.7
Benzoyl peroxide, C₁₄H₁₀O₄,di (benzoyl) peroxide, TOXIC, EXPLOSIVE, PROHIBITED FOR SCHOOL USE
Benzyl benzoate, phenylmethylbenzoate
Berkelium, Bk, Table of the elements
Berry juices as acid-base indicators: 5.53.1.8
Beryllium, Be, Table of the elements
Beryllium (metal & flakes)
Beryllium sulfate
Bessemer process: 7.9.9
Betaines: 16.3.4.2
Bial's reagent (orcinol in concentrated HCl)
Bicarbonate (hydrogen carbonate), HCO₃^-Bicarbonate indicator solutionBicarbonates, tests for bicarbonates: 12.11.5.4
Bile salts: 7.8.2.01
Bilin: 16.3.5.2
Biodiesel, mixture of alkyl C14-C24 fatty acid methyl esters
Biology fixatives: 4.0
Biology solutions: 1.0
Bioluminescence, chemiluminesce, bioluminescence: 14.3.0
Biotechnology, information on safety issues in school-based biotechnology: 2.0
Bismuth
Bismuth compounds
Bisphenol-A, BPA: 3.4.3.1
Bitumen asphalt, "tar", fractional distillation of crude oil: 16.1.12
Bitumen, coal tar products: 16.2.10
Bitumen foaming and bitumen decay: 24.1.6
Biuret reagent (FLAM 2924), tests for proteins, tests for urea: 16.6.5
Biuret tests for proteins, biuret reaction, Millon's reagent, xanthoproteic reaction: 9.139
Blanching: 19.3.6.04
Bleach
Blueprints and diazo prints: 2.3
Body Mass Index (BMI): 9.228
Bohrium, Bh, Table of the elements
Boiling chips-ceramic
Boiling chips-silicon carbide
Boiling chips-fused alumina
Boiling granules
Boiling point
Bomb calorimeter, heat of combustion, bomb calorimeter: 23.5.7
Bonds, chemical bonds: 3.01
Bonds, Chemical bonds, Elements and chemical reactions: 7.2.2
Bonding, hydrogen bonding in liquids, liquids with different viscosity, 3.2.1
Bone, teeth and toothpaste, calcium hydroxyl apatite, calcium hydroxyapatite: 9.226
Borax
Boric acid
Bornite, bournonite (Geology): 35.20.5
Boron, B
Borosilicate glass: 7.9.10
Borosilicate glass, silicon compounds, glass: 7.2.3
Boyle's law (Mariotte's law): 20.0.2
Brass, brass rivets, copper-zinc alloys: 5.5.03
Brass, copper: 35.20.11
Breakdown of large molecules to small molecules: 3.95.0
Breath analyser, breath tests for alcohol using a breath analyser ("breathalyser"): 15.2.12
Breath test, breath tests for alcohol with potassium dichromate: 15.2.11
Breath test, test the breath for carbon dioxide: 3.34.2
Brewing, yeast, fermentation, brewing, whisky, fish sauce: 19.2.11
Bricks, make bricks with cement: 3.66
Bricks, strengths of mud, clay and sand bricks: 3.65
Brilliant blue (CI: 42655)
Brilliant blue G (CI: 42655)
Brilliant blue R (CI: 42660)
Brilliant cresyl blue (CI: 51010)
Brilliant crystal scarlet (CI: 26905)
Brilliant green (CI: 42040)
Brilliant red (CI. 18105)
Brilliant yellow (CI. 24890)
British liquid measures, imperial measures: 3.5.2
Brittle, breaking strains, brittleness: 34.5.1.5
Bromic acid, hydrobromic acid, HBr, hydrobromic acid solution, hydrogen bromide solution, conc 9.0 M, HARMFUL
Bromine, TOXIC, bromine water, liquid bromine
Bromcresol purple, bromocresol purple, acid-base indicator
Bromocresol blue (green) pH 4.0-5.4
Bromocresol purple
Bromophenol red
Bromphenol blue, bromophenol blue, acid-base indicator: 5.53.1.1
Bromphenol blue, 2-bromo-2-methylbutane, t-butyl bromide, tert-butyl bromide,
Bromthymol blue
Bronze |: 5.5.04
Bronze alloy
Bronze, copper-aluminium alloys, bronze: 5.5.05
Bronze, restore bronze coins, corrosion of alloys: 15.3.14
Brownian movement: 3.55
Browning, non-enzymatic, caramelization: 19.3.4.3
Browning, non-enzymatic, the Maillard reaction: 19.3.4.4
Browning reactions of fruits and vegetables: 19.3.4.2
Brucine
Bubbles, count bubbles, Dilute HCl with zinc: 17.1.1
Buffer solutions, tablets, pH4, pH 6.4, pH 8, pH 9.2
Buffer ampoules for 1000 mls pH9.0, pH7.0, pH8.0, pH9.0, pH10.0
Buffer solution 500 mls colour coded for pH 10.0, pH 9.0, pH 7.0, pH 9.2, pH 6.88, pH 4.0, pH 10.5
Buffer tablets pH 4.0
Builders, detergents, e.g. sodium tripolyphosphate: 12.12.04
Building up molecules, prepare plastic from milk casein: 3.100.0
Bumping: 7.9.12
Bumping: anti-bumping granules, (boiling chips)
Bunsen burner
Burn, burning
Bustamite, (calcium manganese silicate), (Geology): 35.20.6
Butane, (gas) C₄H₁₀, n-butane, HIGHLY FLAMMABLE
Butanol, butyl alcohol (C₄H₉OH): 16.1.3.B
Butanol, 1-butanol, C₄H₉OH, n-butanol, butanol, butyl alcohol, 1-butyl acohol, n-butyl alcohol, butan-1-ol, HARMFUL, HIGHLY FLAMMABLE
Butan-1-ol
Butan-2-ol
Butanol-1
Butyl CH₃(CH₂)₃-
Butyl alcohol
Butadiene, buta-1,3-diens, CH₂:CHCH:CH₂
Butanedioic acid, (CH₂)₂(COOH)₂, succinic acid: 16.3.6.1.8
Butanedioic acid, Maleic acid,
Butanedione, 2,3-butanedione, diacetyl: 16.3.9
Butanoic acid
Butanal, butyraldehyde, C₃H₇CHO
Butenedioic acid, C₄H₄O₄, HCOOHC:CHCOOH, cis butenedioic acid, maleinic acid, toxilic acid, HARMFUL, IRRITATING
Butanone, ethyl methyl ketone
Butene, butylene, C4H6, 1-butene CH₃CH₂CH:CH₂, but-2-ene CH₃CH:CHCH₃ButylButyric acid

Acetone
Acetone, propanone, boiling points of inflammable liquids: 7.5.4.1
Extract oil from peanuts (ground nuts): 10.12.1
Oxidation of acetone vapour, copper oxides catalyst: 17.3.10

Acid-base indicators in the home, in plants, rape juice, red cabbage: 19.1.5
Acid-base neutralization, acid with base forms a salt and water: 12.8.0
Dissociation constant, Ka: 3.53.3
Rainbow reactions, t-butyl chloride (2-chloro-2-methylpropane) with sodium hydroxide: 12.9.4
pH and acid-base indicators, acidity and alkalinity: 3.53
Prepare acid-base plant extract indicators: 3.53.2
Test acid-base indicators: 3.53.1

Acid-base reactions: 12.2.5
Acid-base neutralization, acid with base forms a salt and water: 12.8.0
Rainbow reactions, t-Butyl chloride, (2-chloro-2-methylpropane), with sodium hydroxide: 12.9.4

Acid, dilute acids, mineral acids, dilute acids (inorganic): 7.9.1
Acid anhydrides, acyl anhydrides, anhydrides (RCO-O-COR' (R(C=O) O(C=O) R'): 16.1.5.7
Acid soils and alkaline soils, test soil pH: 5.19
Acids in the home: 19.1.1.0
Chemical reactions in the home: 19.1.0
Dilute acids: 5.3.1
Food acids, food additives: 19.4.4.18
Household chemicals, chemicals in the home, solid acids: 19.1.0
Hydrochloric acid, HCl: 12.4
Nitric acid: 12.5
Preparation instructions for acids and bases: 7.0
Prepare an acid salt, sodium hydrogen sulfate: 12.10.6
Properties of acids: 12.3.0
Reactions with concentrated oxidizing acids: 12.14.04
Reactions with dilute acids: 12.14.03
Solid acids, taste, citric acid, acetic acid, cream of tartar, [(+) tartaric acid]: 19.1.4
Sulfuric acid, ionization of hydrogen sulfate ion, sulfur trioxide: 12.6.0
Taste of acids, solid acids in the home: 12.3.1
Titration of acids with bases: 3.78

Acids with:
Alkalis: 12.10.2.2
Acids, safety, Prepare dilute acids and bases: 3.4.3
Basic oxides, copper (II) oxide: 12.3.5
Calcium hydrogen carbonate: 12.3.10.1
Carbonates: 12.3.9
Hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate: 12.3.10
Hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide: 12.3.6
Hydroxide, sodium hydroxide: 12.3.7
Metal carbonate: 12.10.2.4
Metallic oxide: 12.10.2.3
Metals, HCl: 12.3.2
Metals: 12.10.2.1
Metals, sulfuric acid, ethanoic acid: 12.3.2.1
Metals, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, ethanoic acid: 12.3.2.1
Metals, sulfuric acid with iron: 12.3.3
Non-metals, concentrated acids, carbon, sulfur: 12.3.14
Non-metals, carbon, sulfur: 12.3.4
Sodium carbonate: 12.3.9.2
Sodium hydrogen carbonate: 12.3.10
Sodium hydroxide: 12.3.7.1
Sodium hydroxide, microscale titration: 12.8.7
Strong acids and weak acids: 12.3.0.3

Acidic oxides
Oxides, acidic, basic, amphoteric, neutral and mixed oxides: 12.17.0
Acidic oxides, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide: 12.3.8
Carbon dioxide, acidic oxides, (non-metal oxides): 12.17.3
Carbon dioxide with sodium hydroxide solution: 12.17.3.1
Carbon dioxide with barium hydroxide solution, ionization of barium hydroxide: 12.17.3.2
Prepare oxygen gas with hydrogen peroxide, O2: 3.49
Solubility of acidic oxide carbon dioxide in water, acidity of soda water, fizzy drinks: 3.34.3

Acidity, hydrogen ion concentration of water, acidity and alkalinity: 18.1.0.1
Acidity regulators, food additives: 19.4.4.8
Solubility of acidic oxide carbon dioxide in water, acidity of soda water, fizzy drinks: 3.34.3

Adipic acid, dicarboxylic acids: 16.4.1.1.1
Food buffers, food additive, E355, food acid, raising agent: 19.4.4.12
Prepare nylon polymer: 3.4.7

Adrenaline (epinephrine) amines and alkaloids, phenethylamine group: 1.6.0A
Amine intolerance: 19.4.2.2.2
Amphetamines, amphetamine, epinephrine (adrenaline) amphetamine-type stimulants: 11.11.4

Agar, gels in the home kitchen: 7.8.3.2.1
Differences in potential on iron nail: 15.7.3
Observe movement of ions from sodium sulfate solution: 3.4.2
Polysaccharide gums: 16.3.2.9
Rotting banana and rotting grass: 9.159

Air pollution from burning refuse: 18.6.2
Air pollution, danger of vehicle exhausts, tailpipe gases: 18.6.3
Tests for harmful substances in cigarette smoke: 19.2.28

Air pressure (Primary): 5.26
Air pressure in all directions: 4.227
Aneroid barometer: 4.230
Barometer, Torricelli tube, 23.2.5
International system of units (SI) the 7 base units: 6.3.1
Mercury barometer, barometric pressure: 4.229
Oxidation can affect air pressure: 15.3.8

Alkaloids, amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2
Alkaloids produced by plants from amino acids: 16.3.6.4
Amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2
Glycoalkaloids, avoid bruised or green potatoes: 19.2.17
Quinine |: 16.3.5.7
Taste, smell, flavour, (taste of alkaloids): 19.3.1

Alcohol, phenols, thiols, ethers, epoxy compounds, acetates (ethanoates), benzoyls, acetals: 16.1.3.0
Alcohol abuse, ethanol: 11.11.3
Alcohol (ethanol) absolute alcohol, biology solution: 1.2
Alcoholic fermentation for brewing, carbon dioxide and fermentation for brewing: 3.38
Degrees proof, proof spirit (alcohol concentration): 3.7.2
Phenols: 16.1.3.2
Prepare an alcohol-based detergent: 12.13.9
Test organic acids and alcohols: 16.4.1.0
Thiols: 16.1.3.3
Whisky, yeast, fermentation, brewing, whisky: 19.2.11

Alkali: 7.9.4
Alkali, potassium hydroxide (caustic potash), sodium hydroxide (caustic soda): 5.3.2.1
Alkalinity: 18.1.0.1
Bases, properties of bases, strong bases: 12.7.0
Iron oxide (black iron oxide) is a mixed base, Fe₃O_4,12.8.10
Reactions of dilute acids with alkalis: 12.10.2.2
Tests for saturated hydrocarbons, alkaline potassium manganate (VII) solution: 16.4.8

Alum, common alum, hydrated aluminium potassium sulfate, potassium alum, potash alum, KAl(SO₄)₂.12H₂O
Prepare chrome alum, chromium (III) potassium sulfate, KCr(SO₄)₂, KCr(SO₄)₂.12H₂O, 12.14.4
Prepare iron (IlI) ammonium alum, (NH₄)₂SO₄.Fe₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O, 12.14.3
Prepare potash alum from its constituent salts: 12.14.1
Prepare potash alum from aluminium foil, 12.14.2 @@@
Soda alum, Na₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O
Ammonium alum, NH₄Al(SO₄)₂.12H₂O

Aluminium, Al, Chemical reactions: 7.2.2.1
Aluminium, Al, Table of the elements
Aluminium (Al) reagent test kit
Aluminium (flakes,powder, ingot, wire, pellets, sheet)
Aluminium powder, coated
Aluminium No1 tablets, Aluminium No2 tablets
Aluminium AAS Std
Aluminium foil (powder 1396) drink-can, "Alfoil", cooking foil, duralumin alloy of Al + Cu + Mg
Aluminium powder, particle movement: 3.3.5
Aluminium reactions: 12.01.1
Aluminium toxicity: 3.6.1
Anodize aluminium: 15.1.8
Corrosion of aluminium: 15.3.15
Heat aluminium foil: 8.2.11
Reactions of aluminium: 12.01.1
Reactions of aluminium salts: 12.01.2
Reactions of sulfuric acid with aluminium: 12.3.3.1
Recycle an aluminium drink-can as potassium aluminium sulfate, alum: 12.7.3.1
Tests for aluminium: 12.11.3.10.1

Aluminium compounds
Aluminium acetate, Al (COOCH₃)₃, aluminium ethanoate
Aluminium ammonium sulfate, food additive E523, buffer, stabilizer
Aluminium ammonium sulfate (dodecahydrate), AlNH₄(SO₄)₂.12H₂O, ammonium alum,
Aluminium bromide
Aluminium carbonate
Aluminium chloride, AlCl₃
Aluminium chloride, hydrated, AlCl₃.6H₂O, the anhydrous AlCl₃ is covalent, for 0.1 M soln., 24 g of hydrated salt in 1 L water
Aluminium compounds, tests in solution: 12.11.3.9
Aluminium fluoride
Aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)₃, dyes with a mordant: 19.5.3
Aluminium hydroxide, make aluminium hydroxide precipitate, remove colour using aluminium hydroxide: 7.6.4
Aluminium nitrate AAS Solution
Aluminium nitrate, hydrated aluminium nitrate
Aluminium orthophosphate
Aluminium oxide, Al₂O₃, LUNG IRRITATION
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, potassium alum, hydrated aluminium potassium sulfate: 19.1.8
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, AlK(SO₄)₂.12H₂O, (also: KAl(SO₄)₂.12H₂O) potash alum, "alum", potasssium aluminium sulfate
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, clarify muddy water: 10.11.1
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, into clay suspension: 7.6.2.2
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, fireproof paper: 12.10.12
Aluminium sulfate 16H₂O, hydrated aluminium sulfate, Al₂(SO₄)₃, Al₂(SO₄)₃.18H₂O, (NOT "alum"!)
Aluminium sulfate, Al₂(SO₄)₃ xH₂O, aluminium sulfate hydrate, cake alum, HARMFUL to eyes, if swallowed
Aluminium sulfate, potassium sulfate, artificial gemstones: 12.10.2.6.1
Aluminium sulfate, potassium alum or aluminium sulfate with clay suspension: 7.6.2.2
Aluminium sulfate, weight of aluminium in aluminium sulfate: 17.6.2
Aluminium sulfide
Alum 90
Alumina, Alumina polishing powder
Cryolite (sodium aluminium fluoride): 35.20.13
Prepare potash alum from aluminium foil, K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O, 12.14.2
Prepare potash alum, K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O, from its constituent salts: 12.14.1
Tests for aluminium compounds in solution: 12.11.3.9
Weight of aluminium in aluminium sulfate: 17.6.2
Zeolite, e.g. tetrapropylammonium (TPA) ZSM-5: 35.20.49

Amino acid nomenclature: 16.3.6.1.1
Amino acids: 16.3.6.1.0
Amino acids, alpha amino acids, Table of the 20 alpha amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2
Amino acids, separate amino acids by paper chromatography: 10.2.2.5
Amino acids, proteins, peptides, amino acids: 16.6.1.1

Ammonia, gas NH₃, ammonium (NH₄⁺), concentrated, solution 35% w/w, TOXIC, CORROSIVE, ENVIRONMENT
Ammonia solution, aqueous ammonia, spirits of hartshorn, ammonium hydroxide, HARMFUL, CORROSIVE
Ammonia solution, concentrated, TOXIC, CORROSIVE
Aqueous ammonia 35%, SG 880, 880 ammonia, conc., liquor ammonia fort
Ammonia (25-28%) sp. Gr. 0.91
Ammonia Cell test (0.2-10mg/l)
Ammonia Cell test kit (1-28mg/l)
Ammonia absorbs impurities on charcoal, test using ammonia: 10.1.1.1
Ammonia, NH₃(aq) or NH₄OH, For 2 M soln., dilute 330 mL of 10% soln in 1 L water
Ammonia, NH₃, prepare, collect and test gases, reactions of gases: 3.33.0
Ammonia, NH_3, and the ammonium ion, NH₄⁺: 12.11.3
Ammonia solution (10% ammonia solution): 5.3.2.2
Ammonia solution 3 M: dilute 200 mL (28%) 14.8 M concentrated solution to 1 litre of water
Ammonia solution 4 M: dilute 220 mL (28%) 18 M concentrated solution to 1 litre of water ("ammonium hydroxide")
Ammonia with sulfuric acid, acid-base neutralization: 12.8.1
Catalytic oxidation of ammonia with chromium (III) oxide catalyst: 13.6.6.1
Catalytic oxidation of ammonia with red-hot platinum wire: 13.6.6
Catalytic oxidation of methyl alcohol, and ammonia solution: 17.3.12
Group 6 Tests for K⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, NH₄⁺: 12.11.4.6
Prepare ammonia, NH₃: 3.33.0
Prepare chrome alum, K₂SO₄.Cr₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O: 12.14.4
Prepare iron (IlI) ammonium alum, (NH₄)₂SO₄.Fe₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O: 12.14.3
Prepare rayon, basic copper carbonate using ammonia solution: 3.4.8.1
Prepare rayon, copper (II) sulfate using ammonia solution, "regenerated fibre", "artificial silk": 3.4.8
Reaction of ammonium salts with water: 14.2.1
Reduction of copper (II) oxide to copper using ammonia: 13.6.7
Tests for ammonia: 10.1.1.1
Tests for ammonia, ammonia fountain experiment, ionization reactions of ammonia: 3.33.1
Tests for ammonia, and hydroxyl ions: 13.6.5
Tests for ammonium radical, NH⁴⁺: 12.11.3.10.2

Ammonium compounds
Ammonium ethanoate, ammonium acetate
Ammonium alum, aluminium ammonium sulfate (VI)-12-water, AlNH₄(SO₄)₂.12H₂O
Ammonium benzoate
Ammonium bromide
Ammonium carbonate
Ammonium chloride
Ammonium chromate
Ammonium dichromate (VI), (NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇, (NOT "ammonium bichromate"), TOXIC, CORROSIVE, OXIDIZING (OXD 1439)
Ammonium dichromate, thermal decomposition: 3.30.14
Ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate, Ammonia dihydrogen phosphate (V), ammonium biphosphate, monobasic ammonium phosphate,
Ammonium ethanoate, CH₃CO₂NH₄, ammonium acetate,
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, NH₄HCO₃
Ammonium hydrogen phosphate, NH₄)₂HPO₄, ammonium hydrogenphosphate
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (V), monobasic ammonium phosphate, piezoelectric crystal in microphones and transducers
Ammonium hydroxide, solution of ammonia in water, ammonia hydrate
Ammonium ferric citrate (brown)
Ammonium ferric citrate (green)
Ammonium ferric sulfate
Ammonium ferrous (II) sulfate
Ammonium ferrous sulfate (COD determination)
Ammonium fluoride
Ammonium formate
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate
Ammonium hydrogen difluoride
Ammonium hydrogen sulfate
Ammonium hydroxide (>25% in water)
Ammonium iodide
Ammonium iron (II) sulfate 6-hydrate (Mohr's salt), (NH₄)₂SO₄FeSO₄.6H₂O, ferrous ammonium sulfate
Ammonium iron (II) sulfate, For 0.1 M soln., 39.2 g in water, add 5 mL conc H₂SO₄ in 1 L water
Ammonium iron (II) sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulfate, secret writing ink using ammonium iron (II) sulfate: 3.2.5
Ammonium iron (III) sulfate (std soln)
Ammonium iron (III) sulfate 12H₂O, ferric ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, ammonium ferric sulfate dodecahydrate
Ammonium magnesium phosphate, struvite mineral, ((NH₄)MgPO₄.6H₂O), (used in phosphate recycling from sewage)
Ammonium molybdate (VII), powder, (NH₄) ₆Mo₇O₂₄.4H₂O, H₂₄Mo₇N₆O₂₄, ammonium paramolybdate, IRRITANT Ammonium molybdate, hydrogen peroxide with sodium thiosulfate, ammonium molybdate catalyst: 17.3.9
Ammonium metavanadate
Ammonium nickel (II) sulfate 6H₂O
Ammonium nitrate, (OXD 1942), NH₄NO₃:
Ammonium nitrate, cold pack: 14.2.4
Ammonium nitrate, movement of copper ions in ammonium nitrate solution: 3.4.3
Ammonium nitrite, prepare nitrogen using ammonium nitrite: 3.46
Ammonium magnesium chloride
Ammonium molybdate (VI) 4-water, ammonium paramolybdate
Ammonium nitrate
Ammonium oxalate, C₂O₄(NH₄)₂.2H₂O, ammonium ethanedioate-1-water, For 0.1 M soln., 16 g in 1 L water
Ammonium persulfate
Ammonium phosphate (monobasic)
Ammonium purpurate (Murexide)
Ammonium phosphate, triammonium phosphate(V)-3-water, ammonium phosphate tribasic
Ammonium persulfate
Ammonium polytrioxovanadate (V), ammonium vanadate, ammonium metavanadate
Ammonium salt, in water: 14.2.1
Ammonium salts, reactions of ammonium salts and potassium salts with water: 14.2.1
Ammonium sodium hydrogen phosphate (V)-4-water, (Na(NH₄)HPO₄.4H₂O), ammonium sodium hydrogen orthophosphate, microsmic salt (from urine)
Ammonium sulfate, (NH₄)₂SO₄, ammonia with sulfuric acid, acid-base neutralization: 12.8.1
Ammonium sulfate analytical reagent, M.W. 132.13
Ammonium sulfate, (NH₄)₂SO₄, For 0.1 M soln., 13.2 g in 1 L water
Ammonium sulfate, carbon / nitrogen ratio: 6.9.14.3
Ammonium sulfate, common fertilizers: 6.9.17.2
Ammonium sulfate, improving the soil: 6.9.7
Ammonium sulfate, substances that decompose and lose mass when heated: 3.30
Ammonium sulfate, plant nutrients: 6.9.17.4
Ammonium sulfide (>20% in water)
Ammonium sulfide (10% solution)
Ammonium sulfide (20% solution)
Ammonium tartrate
Ammonium thiosulfate
Ammonium thiocyanate, NH₄NCS
Diammonium copper (II) sulfate (VI)-6-water, ammonium cupric sulfate
Diammonium hydrogen phosphate

Ammonium carbonate (crystal ammonia) NH₄HCO₃ (+ NH₂COONH₄) sal volatile, smelling salts
Ammonium carbonate (NH₄)₂CO₃.3H₂O, For 2 M soln., 300 g in 450 mL 10% NH₃, then dilute in 1 L water
Ammonium carbonate (sal ammoniac), with ethanoic acid: 14.2.3
Ammonium carbonate solution precipitates metal carbonates: 12.16.3.4
Ammonium carbonate with acids: 12.16.3.3
Ammonium carbonate with alkalis: 12.16.3.2
Heat ammonium carbonate, (smelling salts): 12.16.3.1

Ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, sal ammoniac, torch battery, dry cell, soldering flux, HARMFUL
Ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, For 5 M soln., 270 g in water
Dry cell using ammonium chloride, Leclanche cell: 3.88
Fireproof cloth using ammonium chloride solution: 12.10.12
Heat ammonium chloride crystals: 8.4.1
Heat sensitive paper, cobalt (II) chloride: 5.3.4.4
Hydrolysis of ammonium chloride: 12.10.3.2
Hydrolysis of sodium carbonate: 12.10.3
Thermal decomposition: 3.30.15
Thermal dissociation of ammonium chloride, effect of temperature: 17.5.5.5

Amphoteric, Oxides, acidic, basic, amphoteric, neutral and mixed oxides: 12.17.0H
Amphoteric, Al(OH)₃ reats as a base, H₃AlO₃ reacts as a base
Alkalis with amphoteric oxides and hydroxides: 12.7.7
Amphoteric: 7.9.6
Amphoteric, Al₂O₃Amphoteric substances: 12.3.0.1
Proteins are amphoteric: 16.6.12
Reactions of alkalis using amphoteric oxides and hydroxides: 12.3.0
Reactions of aluminium salts: 12.01.2, (See 2.)

Antimony, Sb, Table of the elements, stibium
Antimony black, powdered antimony to give plaster casts metallic look
Antimony, metal, powder, shot, particles
Antimony, (Geology): 35.20.2
Antimony, Chemical reactions: 7.2.2.2
Antimony, law of mass action and reversible reactions, hydrolysis of antimony chloride: 17.5.5.2
Antimony reactions: 12.2.1

Antimony compounds
Antimonous compounds (+3 oxidation state) e.g. antimony (III) chloride, SbCl₃Antimonic compounds (+5 oxidation state), e.g. antimony (V) chloride, SbCl₅
Antimonial lead, lead-antimony alloy, bouronite
Antimony oxysulfide, antimony red, vermillion
Antimony trioxide, antimony bloom
Antimony oxide
Antimony potassium tartrate AAS std
Antimony potassium tartrate
Antimony trichloride
Antimony trioxide
Antimony (III) chloride, SbCl_3,antimonous chloride, antimony trichloride, butter of antimony, HARMFUL, CORROSIVE
Antimony (III) fluoride, SbF₃
Antimony (V) flouride, SbF₅
Antimony (V) chloride, antimonic chloride, antimony pentachloride, SbCl₅Antimony (III) oxide, antimony trioxide, senarmonite, velentinite
Antimony trisulfide, antimony black
Antimony, tests for antimony: 12.11.3.10.3
Stibnite, antimony glance, antimonite, Sb₂S₃, (Geology): 35.20.42
Tartar emetic
Tests for antimonates: 12.11.5.2a

Aquadag, colloidal suspension of graphiote in water
Aquadag, carbon, C: 7.2.2.11
Aquadag, aluminium foil covers pith balls and ping-pong balls: 31.2.4

Argon, Ar, Chemical reactions: 7.2.2.3
Argon, Table of the elements
Packaging gases, propellants, food additive: 19.4.4.22

Arsenic, As, Chemical reactions: 7.2.2.4
Arsenic, Table of the elements
Reactions of arsenic and arsenic compounds: 12.2.2
Tests for arsenic: 12.11.3.10.4
Arsenic (III) oxide, As₂O₃, arsenic (III) trioxide, arsenic trioxide, white arsenic, arsenious oxide, arsenious acid, TOXIC
Arsenic (III) oxide, AS₄O₆, claudetite mineral

Ascorbic acid, bacteria in food: 19.3.6.14
Ascorbic acid, dipsticks to test the vitamin C, ascorbic acid, content of food: 19.1.20
Ascorbic acid, phosphate ions in water: 18.4.1
Ascorbic acid, vitamin C: 16.4.1.3
Solubility of carbohydrates in water, vitamin C (ascorbic acid): 9.134
Tests for vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid): 9.143

Aspirin and analgesics, paracetamol, acetaminophen, (Panadol, Tylenol): 11.11.6
Aspirin, prepare aspirin crystals: 3.1.4
Aspirin, salicylate intolerance: 19.4.2.2.1
Rates of reactions of aspirin: 17.2.4
Separate aspirin, caffeine and paracetamol with thin layer plate chromatography: 10.2.2.6
Toxic effect of common drugs on Daphnia, 19.2.29

Autocatalysis, Ethanedioic acid-2-water (oxalic acid) with potassium manganate (VII) , autocatalysis: 17.3.3
Ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide, autocatalytic hydrolysis: 17.3.15
Potassium bromate with malonic acid, double autocatalytic reaction, oscillating reaction: 17.3.7

Avogadro's constant, measure the size of the stearic acid molecule: 3.3.3
Avogadro's hypothesis, (Avogadro's principle): 6.3.1.6.2
Avogadro's law, (Avogadro's hypothesis), air pumps, absolute zero Kelvin (K): 20.2.0
Examine an Avogadro's number box: 5.1.0.1

Baking powder / baking soda, Baking and retention of nutrients: 19.3.4
Baking powder |: 19.1.6
Baking powder: 3.35.3
Baking soda: 3.35.2
Baking soda, carbon dioxide, prepare carbon dioxide with sour milk and baking soda: 19.1.7
Prepare baking powder: 19.1.9
Tests for bicarbonates: 12.11.5.4

Barium, Ba, Chemical reactions, 7.2.2.5
Barium, Table of the elements
Barium toxicity: 3.6.2
Barium (random PCS)
Group 5 tests for Ba²⁺, Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺: 12.11.4.5
Reactions of barium compounds: 12.2.3
Tests for barium: 12.11.3.10.5

Barium compounds
Barium acetate
Barium carbonate (HARM 1564), BaCO₃, witherite, HARMFUL
Barium chloride, BaCl₂, TOXIC, (HARM 1564), BaCl₂.2H₂O, barium chloride-2-water, barium chloride hydrated
Barium chloride AAS Solution
Barium chloride, For 0.1 M soln., 24.4 g in 1 L water
Barium chloride, common ion effect, precipitate barium chloride from solution.: 17.5.5.4
Barium chloride analytical reagent
Barium chromate
Barium fluoride
Barium hydroxide 8H₂O, barium hydroxide hydrated
Barium hydroxide, carbon dioxide into barium hydroxide solution, ionization of barium hydroxide, 12.17.3.2
Barium manganate
Barium nitrate, barium (II) nitrate, Ba(NO₃)₂, OXIDISING
Barium perchlorate
Barium peroxide
Barium oxide
Barium sulfate (VI), BaSO₄, barytes, heavy spar, (x-ray meal, soil analysis)

Base: 7.9.8
Bases in the kitchen and laundry, washing powders, di-sodium tetraborate (III)-10-water (borax): 19.6.2
Dilute bases: 5.3.2
Properties of bases, strong bases: 12.7.0
Preparation instructions for acids and bases: 7.0

Basic oxides
Oxides, acidic, basic, amphoteric, neutral and mixed oxides: 12.17.0H
Basic oxides (metal oxides) copper (II) oxide (copper oxide): 12.17.2
Acids and metallic oxides: 12.10.2.3
Alkalis with basic oxides, copper oxide: 12.7.5
Separate metals by reduction of metal oxides, ores: 10.10.0

Benzene, C₆H₆, benzol is crude benzene motor spirit, TOXIC, HIGHLY FLAMMABLE, CARCINOGEN, PROHIBITED FOR SCHOOL USE
Benzene, aromatics, benzene derivatives, ring systems, arenes: benzene, toluene, naphthalene: 16.3.4.0
Benzene, Measure the size of the stearic acid molecule: 3.3.3
Benzene, Reactions of benzene: 16.8.1
Benzene: See diagram 16.1.1h: Octane number
Benzene: See diagram 16.3.4.4: Heterocyclic compounds
Benzene-1,2,3-triol, pyrogallol, pyrogallic acid, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene
Benzene-1,3,5-triol, phloroglucinol
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, phthallic acid
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride, phthallic anhydride
Benzene-1,3-diol resorcinol, 1,3-dihydroxybenzene
Benzene-1,2-diol
Benzene-1,3-diol
Benzene-1,4-diol, hydroquinone, quinol, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, C₆H₄(OH)₂
Benzene hexachloride, hexachorocyclohexane, C₆H₆Cl₆, BHC, gamma BHC, gammexane, stomach and contact insecticide
Benzene sulfonic acid, C₆H₅SO₂OH

Benzoic acid, aromatic acids and their derivatives, e.g. benzoic acid (C₆H₅COOH), 16.3.4.0.11
Benzoic acid as preservatives or antimicrobials: 19.3.6.10
Crystal growth using an overhead projector: 24.1.10
Extraction of caffeine and benzoic acid from soft drinks, e.g. cola, lemonade: 16.8.3

Bismuth, Bi, Chemical reactions: 7.2.2.6
Bismuth, Table of the elements
Tests for bismuth: 12.11.3.10.6
Bismuth (shot)

Bismuth compounds
Bismuth chloride, bismuth (III) chloride, bismuth trichloride, BiCl₃, TOXIC
Bismuth chloride, For 0.17 M soln., 53 g in 1 litre of dilute HCl, 1 part conc HCl to 5 parts water
Bismuth chloride oxide, bismuthyl chloride
Bismuth nitrate, Bi(NO₃)₃.5H₂O, For 0.083 M soln., 40 g in 1 litre of dilute HNO₃, 1 part conc HNO₃ to 5 parts water
Bismuth oxide, bismuth (III) oxide, bismite mineral, bismuth ochre, Bi₂O₃Bismuth oxychloride, BiOCl, pearl white pigment
Bismuthinite mineral, bismuth sulfide crystal
Hydrolysis of bismuth chloride: 17.5.5.1
Reactions of bismuth compounds: 12.2.4
Bismuth nitrate
Bismuth oxide
Bismuth oxychloride
Bismuth oxynitrate
Bismuth trichloride

Bleach
Calcium hypochlorite
Hydrogen peroxide
Sodium chlorate
Sodium hydrogen sulfite
Sodium hypochlorite, household bleach, domestic bleach, swimming pool chemical
Bleach, household
Bleach flowers with sulfur dioxide: 3.51.4
Bleaches, disinfectants, deodorizers: 12.12.11
Bleaches in detergents: 12.12.04
Bleaching agents, food additive: 19.4.4.11
Sodium perborate bleach, synthetic detergents (syndets): 12.12.03.4

Boiling point, elements: 7.2.2
Boiling point of inflammable liquids: 3.6
Boiling point of sodium chloride solution: 3.5.1
Boiling point of water: 3.5
Elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point and elevation of boiling point: 24.1.04
Elevation of boiling point, ebullioscopic constant, k_B:7.5.0.1
Pressure affects the boiling point: 3.8
Volatility of different liquids: 3.7

Borax, Na₂B₄O₇.10 H₂O, borax decahydrate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borate decahydrate, HARMFUL
Bath cleaning: 19.6.4
Bases in the kitchen and laundry, washing powders, di-sodium tetraborate (III)-10-water (borax): 19.6.2
Borax bead test to identify metals in metallic salts and minerals: 12.11.3.1
Prepare household soap: 19.6.6

Boron, B, Chemical reactions: 7.2.2.7
Boron, Table of the elements
Boron toxicity: 3.6.3
Boric acid, H₃BO₃, boracic acid, orthoboric acid, eye medicine, buffer
Boric acid, ionization reaction, prepare boric acid crystals: 12.10.0
Boric acid, standard buffer solutions: 5.0
Boric acid, thermal decomposition: 3.30.9
Tests for borates: 12.11.5.5
Boric Acid AAS Solution
Boron tribromide
Boron trichloride

Breakdown of large molecules to small molecules: 16.10.0
Ethanol to ethene (ethylene): 3.96
Gases from wood: 3.99
Polymers with heat: 3.97
Starch to glucose sugar: 17.4.1
Starch to sugars: 3.95
Starch to sugars, Hydrolysis of starch, iodine test, Fehling's test: 16.3.7
Sugar with yeast: 16.10.2

Bromine, Br, gas Br₂, TOXIC, PROHIBITED IN SCHOOL LABORATORIES
Bromine solution, bromine water, Br₂ (aq), HARMFUL
Bromine, Chemical reactions: 7.2.2.8
Bromides, hazards: 3.7.1
Bromine catalyses the oxidation of sulfur to sulfuric acid: 17.3.13
Bromine ions, double autocatalytic reaction with bromine ions: 17.3.7
Bromine, Table of the elements
Bromine water: 5.3.3
Bromine water, tests for saturated hydrocarbons, bromine water test: 16.4.7
Bromine, oxidizing agent: 15.2.2.1
Prepare potassium bromide: 12.19.9.5
Reactions of bromides: 12.19.9.6
Reactions of bromine: 12.19.9.1
Reactions of bromine water: 12.19.9.2
Reactions of hydrogen bromide: 12.19.9.4
Sulfur oxidized to sulfuric acid, bromine catalyst: 17.3.13
Tests for bromides: 12.11.5.6
Bromoacetic acid
Bromobenzene
Bromochloromethane
Bromoform
Bromohexane
Bromomethane

Buffer solutions: 7.9.11
Buffer solutions pH10 Colour coded blue
Buffer solutions pH4 Colour coded red
Buffer solutions pH7 Colour coded yellow
Buffer solutions: 12.10.7
Buffers, food additives: 19.4.4.12
Standard buffer solutions: 5.0

Bunsen burner: 3.3.1
Bunsen burner flame: 8.1.4.1
Bunsen burner flame can melt copper wire: 8.1.4.3
Bunsen burner flame, which part is hot: 8.1.4.2
Bunsen burner, Gas-pak: 2.11
Bunsen burner, Gas-Pak: 22.6
Bunsen burner, safety: 3.1.0
Flowing air can do work, application of Bernoulli's law: 13.2.1

Burn, burning
Burn candle over water, candle burning in inverted jar over water (Primary): 6.35
Burn copper in chlorine: 13.4.9
Burn magnesium ribbon in oxygen: 13.3.4
Burn methane, Tests for methane gas, burn methane: 16.1.1a.02
Burn money, (Monopoly money, fake money), ethanol: 8.6.1
Burn steel wool: 12.8.4
Burn steel wool in chlorine: 13.4.8
Burn sulfur in oxygen: 13.3.2
Burn to make carbon, (Primary): 5.43
Burn wax taper in chlorine: 13.4.10
Burning tests for plastics: 3.102
Collect and weigh the gaseous products of a burning candle: 3.28.4
Heat and temperature: 2.135

Butane (C₄H₁₀), prepare butane: 16.1.1d
Octane, (C₈H₁₈), octane number: 16.1.1h
Packaging gases, propellants, food additive: 19.4.4.22

Butyl, C₄H₉-, from butanes
(a) butyl, n-butyl, CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-
(b) 1-methylpropyl, sec-butyl, CH₃-CH₂-CH(CH₃)-
(c) 2-methylpropyl, isobutyl, (CH₃)₂CH-CH₂-
(d) 1,1-dimethylethyl,tert-butyl, CH₃)₃C-
Butyl alcohol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, t-Butyl alcohol, alcohols: 16.1.3.0
Butyl alcohol, butan-1-ol, CH₃(CH₂)₃OH, (primary alcohol), 1-butanol, n-butanol, n-propyl carbinol: Appendix 5A: flammable liquids
Butyl alcohol, butan-2-ol, CH₃CH(OH)C₂H₅, (secondary alcohol), secondary butyl alcohol, s-butyl alcohol
Butyl bromide, tert, 2-bromo-2-methylpropane, 1-bromobutane, n-butyl bromide
Butyl chloride, t-Butyl chloride (2-chloro-2-methylpropane) with sodium hydroxide, rainbow reactions: 12.9.4
Butyl phthallate. di-n-butyl phthallate
Dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate

Butyric acid, C₂H₅CH₂COOH, (COR 2820), n-butyric acid, butanoic acid, ethylacetic acid, methylethyl ketone: 16.3.6.1.6
Butyric acid fermentation: 6.6.19