topicIndexA

School Science Lessons
Chemistry index and minerals A
2012-02-09 SP
Please send comments to: J.Elfick@uq.edu.au

Index, items A
Abbreviations: 1.0
Abietic acid, C₂₀H₃₀O₂, main component of gum rosin, colophony, Greek pitch, used by violinists on bows and dancers on ballet shoes
ABS, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene, thermoset plastics: 3.7.5.1
Absolute alcohol, ethanol, ethyl alcohol
Absolute zero, Temperature: 6.3.1.5.0 (See 3.)
Abundance of elements, Composition of the Earth's crust: 36.3.01
Abundance of elements, Composition of the Sun: 36.3.02
Abuse of volatile substances, inhalants: 11.11.01
Acaricides: 16.13.5
Acetals, (alcohol + aldehyde), RCH(OR')₂:16.1.3.8
Acetate polymer, Generic name for fibres from cellulose acetate, CA: 3.5.8
Acetic acid (ethanoic acid), CH₃COOH
Acid-base reactions: 12.2.5.0
Actinoids (actinide series) atomic numbers 90 Th* to 103 Lw, period 7a
Actinolite, Ca₂(Mg, Fe²⁺)₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH, F)_2,See: Hornblende: 35.17.0
Accumulator electrolyte, Lead accumulator cell, lead-acid rechargeable battery: 3.87
Accuracy and error: 3.3.1.0
Acephate insecticide: 16.13.4.1
Acesulfame-K
Acetal, 1, 1-diethoxy ethane, CH₃CH(OC₂H₅)₂, colourless flammable solvent
Acetals, RCH(OR')2, R and R'= organic radicals and R may be hydrogen
Acetaldehyde, C₂H₄O, ethanal, Highly flammable
Acetals (alcohol + aldehyde), RCH(OR')₂: 16.1.3.8
Acetamide, CH₃CONH_2,ethanamide, Toxic if ingested
Acetaminophen, C₈H₉O₂, (paracetemol, Tylenol) relieves pain and fever: 11.11.6
Acetates, CH₃COO^-, ethanoates
Acetic acid, CH₃COOH, ethanoic acid, vinegar, photographic stop bath, Toxic if ingested, Irritant vapour
Acetic alcohol, biology fixative: 3.1
Acetic anhydride, (CH₃CO)₂O, ethanoic anhydride, acetic acid anhydride, acetyl oxide, acetic oxide, Strong respiratory irritant
Acetic anhydride, Use < 25 mL or g in a fume cupboard or a well-ventilated area.
Acetic anhydride, Solution < 8%, Not hazardous, i.e. 8% acetic acid
Aceto-alcohol, biology fixative: 4.1
Aceto-orcein stain, acetic orcein, ethanoic orcein, (stains chromosomes and nuclei crimson, cytoplasm pink), Harmful if ingested: 3.2
Acetocarmine, microscopy stain: 3.3
Acetone, CH₃COCH_3,O=C(CH₃)₂, (2-propanone, dimethyl ketone), Harmful, highly flammable
Acetonitrile, Toxic if ingested
Acetonitrile, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous
Acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, C₉H₈O_4,acetyl salicyclic acid, Harmful if ingested long-term
Acetyl chloride, ethanoyl chloride, (low flash point, below 32^oC), Toxic by all routes, Acyl halides: 16.1.5.5
Acetylcholine, neurotransmitter, action blocked by atropine and curare (poison-tipped arrows)
Acetylene, C₂H₂, ethyne
Acetylides, carbides, e.g. aluminium carbide Al₄C₃, calcium acetylide CaC_2,calcium dicarbide, calcium carbide, carbide
Acetyls, CH₃CO-, ethanoyl
Acetylsalicyclic acid, aspirin, Harmful if ingested long-term
Acid-base indicators: 5.6.0
Acid-base indicators (list): 1.0.0
Acid
Acid fuchsin, Andrade's acid fuchsin indicator: 7.1
Acid rain
Acid test of gold, Aqua regia 1.0.0
Acidic oxides
Acidity
Acidity regulators, food additives (List): 19.4.4.8
Acids
Acids, List of mineral acids: 1.1
Acids, List of organic acids: 1.2
Acids with:
Acidulated water (cooking): 19.1.0.6
Acridine, C₁₃H₉N, Toxic if ingested and skin contact
Acridine Orange (basic), (CI. 46005), Acridine Orange (CI.22657), 3, 6-dimethylaminoacridine, stains nucleic acid
Acriflavine, C₁₄H₁₄ClN₂, orange-brown dye and antiseptic
Acrilan, (trade name), polyacrylonitrile, PAN, thermoplastic polymer, synthetic fibre, polyacrylic: 3.7.5
Activity series, Reactivity series of metals as reducing agents: 12.14.0
Acroleic acid, acrylic acid, CH₂CHCO₂H
Acrolein, prop-2-enal, Toxic by all routes
Acrolein, Solution < 0.1%, Not hazardous
Acronitriles, C₃H₃N, acrylics, (plastics), vinyl cyanide, cyanoethylene, propenenitrile, Toxic, Highly flammable
Acrylamide, Acrylic amide, 2-propenamide, ethylene carboxamide, vinyl amide, Toxic if ingested: 16.1.5.6.1
Acrylic acid, propenoic acid, CH₂CHCOOH, synthetic fibre, acrylic resins, "acrylics": 3.4.2.8.1
Acrylic glass, arcrylic resin, Polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA, e.g. Plexiglass, Perspex, Lucite
Actinium, Ac, Table of the elements
Actinoids, (actinide series): Table 1
Actinolite: 35.14.1, (See 4.)
Activated carbon, activated charcoal (charcoal activated), (commercial information): 11.0
Activated complex, with cobalt (II) chloride as catalyst: 17.3.6
Activation energy. Rates of reaction: 17.1.0
Activity series, Reactivity series of metals as reducing agents: 12.14.0
Acute toxicity: 5.1
Acyclic hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes: 16.1.1.0
Acyl halides, acid halides, [acyl RCO, suffix -oyl)]: 16.1.5.5
Adding chemicals to a reaction or container, handling and transferring chemicals: 3.4.10
Addition polymers, addition polymerization: 3.4.2
Addition reactions (organic chemistry): 16.1.01
Additives that may cause problems to children: 19.4.4.3
Adenosine
Adhesion, forces of adhesion, Hydrogen bonds: 3.01.3
Adhesive, casein adhesive, Prepare plastic from milk casein: 3.100 (See 1.)
Adhesives, List of adhesives: 1.3
Adhesives, Glues and pastes, adhesives: 9.0
Adiabatic change, Thermodynamics, isothermal change: 20.4.0
Adiabatic processes: 23.11.0
Adipic acid, HOOC(CH₂)₄COOH, (CH₂)₄(COOH)₂, hexandioic acid, Harmful if ingested
Adipyl chloride, C₆H₈Cl₂O_2, adipoyl chloride, hexanedioly dichloride, Toxic by all routes
ADP, adenosine diphosphate, ATP, adenosine triphosphate: 6.6.1.1
Adrenaline, (epinephrine), Phenethylamine group: 1.6.0A
Aerobic: 7.9.2
Aerogel, silicon alkoxides, silica aerogel: See pdf
Aerosols (fogs): 7.8.2.0
Aesculin (escalin): 16.3.5.1
Aflotoxin, C₁₅H₁₂O₆: 16.3.2.7
Agar
Agate, Quartz, silica, S_iO₂
Agent orange, Dioxins: 16.14.0
Air, composition of the atmosphere and greenhouse gases: 3.32.1
Air, Moisture comes out of the air: 37.25.0
Air, Moisture gets into the air: 37.15.0
Air pollution, burning refuse
Air pressure, Atmospheric pressure: 12.3.0
Alabaster: 35.22.6.1
Albite, sodium feldspar, Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Alanine, Ala, L-alanine, Table of the 20 alpha amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2 (See 1.)
Albendazole
Albumen (egg white) and egg yolk: 19.2.10
Albumin
Albustix, Tests for proteins, albustix test strips: 16.6.8
Alcoholic fermentation: 6.6.18
Alcohols, R-OH, -OH hydroxyl, Prefix: hydroxy-, Suffix: -ol (-OH: alcohol), (alkanol, alkyl alcohol)
Alcohols, List of alcohols: 1.4
Alcohols: 16.1.3.0
Aldehydes, ketones, quinones, Aldehydes group: -CHO, Suffix: -al: 16.3.1.0
Alditols, Polyhydric alcohols, mannitol: 16.3.2.3
Aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor: 16.13.4
Alginate polymer: 3.4.12
Alginic acid, (alginate, algin, (C₆H₈O₆), anionic polysaccharide, from brown algae, "Sphereification" 19.3.6
Aliphatic, acyclic hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes: 16.1.1
Aliphatic products: 16.3.1
Aliquot: 7.9.3
Alizarin, 1, 2-dihydroxyanthroquinone, Harmful, (aluminium ion indicator)
Alizarin red powder (C.I. 58000), alizarin, C₁₄H₈O_4, glucoside in Rubia tinctoria, Rubiaceae, sodium alizarin sulfonate
Alizarin yellow R, mordant orange l, acid-base indicator, Harmful if ingested, 3.2
Alka-Seltzer (trade name), mainly sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium carbonate), citric acid, aspirin
Alkali
Alkaloid
Alkanals, Aldehydes, alkanals (aliphatic aldehydes, RCHO), ketones, quinones: 16.3.1a
Alkane, R-CH₃ Prefix: methyl-, Suffix: -ane (paraffins, saturated hydrocarbons)
Alkanes, (C_nH_2n+2), paraffins
Alkanes: methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane . . .
Alkanoic acids, RCOOH, -oic acids, e.g. butane C₄H₁₀, butanoic acid CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH
Alkanols, (aliphatic alcohols, ROH)
Alkanones, (ketones, RCOR'), simplest ketone: acetone, (2-propanone, dimethyl ketone), O=C(CH₃)₂ Alkene R1R2C=CR3R4, (double CC bond =), Prefix: alkenyl-, Suffix: -ene (no principal functional group), (olefins. olefines), Cn H2n, e.g. ethylene, ethene C₂H₄
Alkenes, (C_nH_2n), olefins: 16.1.1.2
Alkenes, Prepare ethene, (ethylene), C₂H₄:16.1.1.2.1
Alkyd resin: 16.11.1
Alkyl, R-, e.g. methyl, ethyl
Alkylation: 16.11.2
Alkylation, Distil crude oil and collect the fractions, composition of petroleum: 10.6.3
Alkyl halides, RHa, Halogen compounds, haloalkanes, halogen derivatives: 16.2.2
Alkyls, symbol R, name ends in -yl, named from alkanes by removing an H from the formula, e.g. methane CH₄ becomes methyl CH₃^-
Alkyne R1-C=_CR2, (triple CC bond =_), Prefix: alkynl-, Suffix: -yne (no principal functional group), (acetylenes)
Alkynes (C_nH_2n-2,triple carbon bonds, =-) acetylenes, Prepare ethyne (acetylene) C₂H₂: 16.1.1.3
Allinase, alliin (S-allylcysteine), allicin, (diallyl thiosulfionate), Garlic: 19.2.27
Allotropes
Alloys
Allyl, CH2=CHCH2-, allyl resin
Alpha-naphthol tests for carbohydrates, Molisch's test, (alpha naphthol in ethanol + unknown solution + conc. sulfuric acid, violet ring forms): 9.134
Alpha-naphthol, Naphthols: 16.1.3.2.2
Alpha amino acids, Table of the 20 alpha amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2
Alpha linoleic acid, Fatty acids: 16.3.8.4
Alum, "common alum", potassium alum, potash alum, Al₂(SO₄)₃.K₂(SO₄).24H₂O, Alums: 7.2.2.1a
Aluminate, Reactions of aluminium, aluminate: 12.01.1 (See 2.)
Aluminate, cobaltous aluminate (cobalt blue), sodium aluminate
Aluminium, aluminium ion Al³⁺
Aluminium compounds
Aluminon, C₂₂H₂₃N₃O₉, triammonium salt of aurintricarboxylic acid, (dye detects Al³⁺), Toxic if ingested
Amalgams: 5.5.01
Amaranth (CI: 16185), from various Amaranthus species, Amaranthaceae, food plant
Amber, C₁₂H₂₀O, succinite, 35.23.2.1
American liquid measures, US measures: 3.5.3
Americium, Am, Table of the elements
Amethyst, S_iO₂
Amide RCONH₂ (amine + acid) Suffix: -oic, amide
Amides, List of amides: 1.6
Amides, amides group: (-CONH₂, RCONH₂) suffix: -amide: 16.1.5.6
Amides, oic amide, e.g. propane C₃H₈, CH₃CH₂CONH₂, propanoic amide
Amido phthalic acid and amido-tarephthalic acid: 16.3.5.2
Amidosulfamic acid, NH₂.SO₂OH, sulfamic acid, (sulphamic acid) NH₂.SO₂OH, Harmful if ingested, skin irritant
Amines, RNH₂, (amino, -NH₂₎, amine, e.g. methylamine CH₃NH₂Amines, List of amines, amino, -NH₂:1.7
Aminoacetic acid, glycine, NH₂CH₂COOH
Aminoethylethanolamine, AEEA, surfactant, fabric softener, fuel additive, chelate
2-aminopentanedioic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, HOOC-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH
Amino acids, RCH(NH₂)COOH
Amino group, NH₂-
Aminoethanoic acid, glycine, NH₂CH₂COOH
4-aminophenol
Amino-plastics, amino resins, urea-formaldehyde (UF), melamine-formaldehyde (MF): 3.8.5
Amitripyline, popular tricyclic antidepressant, TCA, tryptanol, "Elavil", C₂₀H₂₂N: See diagram 14.05
Ammonia: 3.33.0
Amosite amphibole, (Mg, Fe)₇(OHSi₄O₁₁)₂: 35.20.3 (See 2.0 Brown asbestos)
Amount of substance, the mole: 5.1.0
Amoxillin
Ampere, electric current: 6.3.1.4
Amphetamine
Amphibole, common horneblende, NaCa₂(Mg, Fe²⁺ Fe³⁺Al)₅(Si, Al)₈O₂₂(OH, F)₂
Amphiphilic molecule is hydrophilic (loves water) and lipophilic (loves fat), e.g. "soap molecule", saponins, cholesterol, sodium dodecyl sulfate
Amphoteric
Amyl acetate ester, CH₃COO(CH₂)₄CH₃, isoamyl acetate, pentyl acetate, (pear oil, banana odour), Prepare amyl acetate, (pear oil): 16.5.6
Amyl acetate, n-amyl acetate, n-pentyl acetate, (some people cannot smell its banana / apple smell)
Amyl alcohol, C₅H₁₂O, CH₃(CH₂)₃CH₂OH, pentan-1-ol, n-amyl alcohol, normal amyl alcohol, 1-pentanol, isopentyl alcohol
Amylase, used to test properties of enzymes, Hydrolysis of starch by salivary amylase (ptyalin): 9.130
Amylase, Technology, pectinase, amylase, protease, lipase, lactase: 4.2.7.1
n-amylene, C₅H₁₀, amylene, n-pentene, 2-methyl-2-butene, 1-pentene, pent-1-ene, Highly flammable
Amylobarbital, pentobarbital, barbiturates, phenobarbital, amylobarbital, pentobarbital, thiopental: 11.11.7
Amylose (from potatoes), Amylose and amylopectin: 9.132a
Amyls, C₅H₁₁-
Anaesthetic ether, diethyl ether, C₂H₅OC₂H₅, ether, ethoxyethane, ethyl oxide, sulfuric ether, anaesthetic ether, Toxic by all routes, Not permitted in schools
Analar reagent, commercial chemical of high purity with known contaminants for use in chemical analysis
Analgesics, Aspirin and analgesics, paracetamol, acetaminophen (Panadol, Tylenol): 11.11.6
Anatase, a mineral form of titanium (IV) oxide, titanium dioxide, TiO₂Andesine (Group 2. Plagioclase feldspars)
Andrade's acid fuchsin, Quantity of indicator per 10 mL: 7.1
Angle: 6.3.01
Anglesite, lead sulfate, lead vitriol, PbSO₄: 35.20.1
Anhydrite, mineral anhydrite, calcium sulfate anhydrous, "snake alabaster", CaSO₄
Anhydrone (trade name), magnesium perchlorate, Mg(ClO₄)₂, powerful oxidizing agent, with water highly exothermic
Anhydrone, Toxic if ingested, Corrosive to skin, Violently explodes with many materials, Not permitted in schools
Aniline, C₆H₅NH₂, Not permitted in schools
Animals, Biological hazards and use of live animals, (laboratory safety): 3.2.5
Anion compounds, Hazards of anion compounds: 3.7.0
Anions, Tests for anions: 12.11a
Anisole, CH₃OC₆H₅, methyoxybenzene, smells like anise seed, Harmful if ingested
Anode, Electrochemical cell: 7.9.21
Anode, Daniell cell: 3.85
Anodize: 7.9.6.1
Anodize aluminium: 15.1.8
Anodize iron nails: 15.1.8.1
Anorthite, calcium feldspar, CaAl₂Si₂O8
Antacids
Anti-bumping granules, boiling chips, (- ceramic, silicon carbide, fused alumina): 7.9.12
Anti-bumping, granules, Boiling point, (b.p.), of liquids: 7.5.0
Antioxidants, antioxidant phenols, vitamin E, beta carotene: 19.2.1.6 (diagram)
Anthocyanins, flavonoids, betaines, flavones, anthocyanin, flavonols, flavanones, chalcones: 16.3.4.2
Anthracene, Aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. benzene, anthracene: 16.3.4.0.1
Anthraquinone, C₁₄H₈O₂, (9, 10-dioxanthracene)
Anti-caking agents, food additive: 19.4.4.9
Anti-histamine, antihistamines, histamine, dexchlorpheniramine (Polaramine): 11.11.5
Antibiotics, disinfectants, antiseptics and antibiotics: 9.215
Antibiotics, penicillin: 2.1.6
Antifreeze
Antimony, Sb
Antimony compounds
Antioxidants, BHA, BHT, TBHQ, propyl gallate, vitamin E, beta carotene, Antioxidant phenols: 19.2.1.6
Antioxidants, food additives: 19.4.4.10
Antiseptics, disinfectants, antiseptics and antibiotics: 9.215
Apatite, Ca₅[F(PO₄)₃], 35.21.3.1
Apothecaries' weight: 3.2.4
Apparatus, Prepare stock materials and apparatus: 2.6
"Aquadag", (graphite solution), carbon, C: 7.2.2.11
Aquamarine, blue-green beryl
Aqua regia
Aqua vitae, "water of life", brandy, distilled spirits
Aquavit, "eau de vie", whisky, usquebaugh (Irish whisky)
Aqueous solutions, states of matter: 7.9.6.2
Aqueous solutions, Solubility in water of different salts: 3.9
Arachidic acid, C₁₉H₃₉COOH, found in peanuts (groundnuts)
Arachidonic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₃(CH₂CH:CH)_4-(CH₂)₃COOH, eicosatetraenoic acid, in cell membranes, dietary requirement
Aragonite, CacO₃, calcium carbonate, (pea stone in hot springs), Dimorphism: 35.33.2
Araldite polymer, epoxy resin, C₁₃H₁₈O₂, an ether, (Sigma #10951), Araldite M Accelerator 960, Araldite M Hardener 964: 3.8.7
Aramid synthetic fibre, Nomex, Kevlar, Twaron: 3.7.6.1.1
Aramide polymer, Generic name for fibres from aromatic polyamides: 3.7.6
Aramids: 16.3.4.0b
Area game, (Primary): 1.44
Arenes, benzene, benzene compounds: 16.1.1.1b
Argentic, argentous: Silver compounds
Argentite mineral, silver glance, Ag₂S
Arginine, Amino acids: 16.3.6.1.0 (See 5.)
Arginine, Arg, Table of the 20 alpha amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2 (See 2.)
Argon, Ar, compressed air cylinders. inert gas: 13.1.0
Armenian clay: 35.22.4.8
Aromatic hydrocarbons: 16.8.0
Aromatics, aromatic compounds: 16.3.4.0
Arrhenius distributions, reaction mechanisms, theory of dissociation, (Svante Arrhenius 1859-1927): R5.1.3
Arsenate, tests for arsenates: 12.11.5.3
Arsenic, As, metalloid, Toxic if ingested, Not permitted in schools
Arsenic compounds
Artificial sweeteners: 16.7.16
Aryl groups: 16.3.4.0a
Asbestos, hydrous magnesium silicate, (Crocodolite asbestos and blue asbestos, Not permitted in schools)
Ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid, vitamin C, ascorbic acid (VC), C₆H₈O₆
Ascorbyl palmitate
Ash content, moisture content of plant organs and ash content of plant dry matter: 9.3.15
Asparagine, Asn, Asparagine D-, Asparagine L-, Table of the 20 alpha amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2 (See 3.)
Aspartame, sweeteners phenylalanine and aspartame: 19.4.2.5
Amino acids: 16.3.6.1.0
Aspartic acid, HOOC-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH
Asphalt, pitch, "tar", Coal tar products: 16.2.10
Asphalt, Fractional distillation of crude oil: 16.1.12
Aspiration hazard: 5.8
Aspirin
Assay value of precious metals: 35.3.01
Astatine, At, Table of the elements
-ate, Ionic compound, Pure substances and impure substances, elements and compounds: 7.2.0 (See 3.)
Atmosphere, Standard atmosphere: 20.0.10
Atmosphere, Standard atmosphere, Boiling point of water: 3.5
Atmospheric pressure, air pressure: 12.3.0
Atomic
Atoms
ATP, adenosine triphosphate: 6.6.1.1
Atropine, Anticholinergic, Atropa belladonna, (poisonous alkaloid from plants, deadly nightshade, belladonna)
Atropine, C₁₇H₂₃NO₃, Hallucinogenic drugs: 11.11.9
Atropine, Tropane group, tropine group: 16.3.6.2.
Augite, (monoclinic, pyroxene, silicate), [(Ca, Mg, Fe₂, Fe₃, Ti, Al)₂][(Si, Al)₂O₆]
Augite, Silicates group, polysilicates, polysilicon: 35.20.3.01
Autocatalysis
Avogadro's hypothesis, (Avogadro's law, Avogadro's principle), Avogadro's number box: 5.1.0.1
Avoirdupois weight, English and United States weights and measures: 3.2.1
Azeotrope: 7.9.7
Azide compounds: (N₃^-), or (-N₃₎, (-N=N⁺N-), Nitrogen compounds: 16.2.5.1
Azo compounds: derivatives of diazene (diimide), HN=NH, Nitrogen compounds: 16.2.5.2
Azurite, basic copper carbonate, blue carbonate of copper, 2CuCO₃.Cu(OH)₂: 35.20.4

Acetaldehyde
16.3.1 Prepare ethanal (acetaldehyde), with potassium dichromate
16.3.2 Prepare ethanal with potassium manganate (VII) [potassium permanganate, Condy's crystals]

Acetamide, CH₃CONH₂, ethanamide, Amides: 16.1.5.6
Acetamide, Heat energy to change solid to liquid, melting point, latent heat of fusion: 4.10
Acetamide, Latent heat of fusion of ice to water: 24.1.5 (See 4.)

Acetates, CH₃COO-, ethanoates
Acetates, ethanoates, ethyl acetate, ethyl ethanoate: 16.1.3.6
Acetates, tests for acetates: 12.11.5.1

Acetone, 2-propanone, propanone, dimethyl ketone, Highly flammable, irritant vapour, slightly toxic if ingested
Acetone is a curing agent for epoxy resin adhesives, surface coating, irritant
Use in fume cupboard or use < 50 mL in well-ventilated area. Acetone react violently with chloroform. Use ethyl acetate or methyl isobutyl ketone as alternative solvent to acetone. Heat acetone on a water bath not a naked flame. Junior secondary students to use acetone only as a cold solvent, and not react or heat acetone.
Boiling points of inflammable liquids: 7.5.4.1
Extract oil from peanuts (groundnuts): 10.12.1
Oxidation of acetone vapour, copper oxides catalyst: 17.3.10
Acetone peroxide, contact explosives, triacetone triperoxide TATP, C₆H₁₂O₄ (dimer), C₉H₁₈O₆ (trimer)

Acid-base indicators (list): 1.0.0
Acid-base indicators: 5.6.0
Acid-base indicators in the home (in plants, rape juice, red cabbage): 19.1.5
Acid-base neutralization, acid with base forms a salt and water: 12.8.0
Acid-base reactions: 12.2.5
Dissociation constant, Ka: 5.6.11

Acid: 7.9.1
Acid-base reactions: 12.2.5
Acid alcohol, biology solution: 1.1
Acid anhydrides, acyl anhydrides, anhydrides (RCO-O-COR' (R(C=O) O(C=O) R'): 16.1.5.7
Acid demand of swimming pools: 18.7.21.1
Acid fuchsin, 2.3 Andrade's acid fuchsin, acid-base indicator
Acid radicals, tests for acid radicals in solution: 12.11.5.0
Acid rain and nitrogen oxides, NO_x: 3.48
Acid rain, SOx, Formation of acid rain, by burning sulfur or sulfur compounds: 12.6.0.1
Acid salt, Prepare acid salt, sodium hydrogen sulfate: 12.10.6
Acid salt, Salts, acid salt, sodium chloride, "table salt": 12.10.0
Acids and bases, Prepare dilute acids and bases: 3.4.3
Acids and bases, Prepare acids and bases: 7.0
Acids, Dilute acids, mineral acids, dilute acids (inorganic): 7.9.1
Acids in the home: 19.1.1.0
Acid soils and alkaline soils, (test soil pH): 5.19
Food acids, food additives: 19.4.4.18
Household chemicals, chemicals in the home: 19.1.0
Hydrochloric acid, HCl: 12.4.0
Nitric acid, HNO₃: 12.5.0
Prepare dilute acids: 5.3.1
Properties of acids: 12.3.0
Reactions of metals with concentrated oxidizing acids: 12.14.04
Reactions of metals with dilute acids: 12.14.03
Solid acids, Acids in the home: 19.1.1.0
Sulfuric acid, ionization of hydrogen sulfate ion, sulfur trioxide: 12.6.0
Taste of acids, solid acids in the home: 12.3.1
Titration of acids with bases: 3.78

Acids with:
Alkalis, Test the reactions of dilute acids with alkalis: 12.10.2.2
Basic oxides, Dilute acids with basic oxides, metal oxides, copper (II) oxide: 12.3.5
Calcium hydrogen carbonate, Dilute acids with calcium hydrogen carbonate: 12.3.10.1
Carbonates, Dilute acids with carbonates, common carbonates: 12.3.9.0
Hydroxide, Dilute acids with hydroxides, magnesium hydroxide: 12.3.6
Hydroxide, Dilute acids with hydroxides, sodium hydroxide: 12.3.7
Metals, Reactions of dilute acids with metals: 12.10.2.1
Metals, Dilute acids with metals, hydrochloric acid: 12.3.2
Metals, Dilute acids with metals, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, ethanoic acid: 12.3.2.1
Metals, Dilute acids with metals, sulfuric acid with iron: 12.3.3
Non-metals, Concentrated acids with non-metals, carbon, sulfur: 12.3.14
Sodium carbonate, Dilute hydrochloric acid with sodium carbonate: 12.3.9.2
Sodium hydrogen carbonate, Dilute acids with sodium hydrogen carbonate: 12.3.10.0
Sodium hydroxide, Dilute acids with sodium hydroxide: 12.3.7.1
Sodium hydroxide, Microscale titration, sodium hydroxide with dilute acids: 12.8.7

Acidic oxides, Oxides, acidic, basic, amphoteric, neutral and mixed oxides: 12.17.0
Acidic oxides, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide: 12.3.8
Carbon dioxide, acidic oxides, (non-metal oxides): 12.17.3
Carbon dioxide with barium hydroxide solution, ionization of barium hydroxide: 12.17.3.2
Carbon dioxide with sodium hydroxide solution: 12.17.3.1
Prepare oxygen gas with hydrogen peroxide, O2: 3.49
Solubility of acidic oxide carbon dioxide in water, acidity of soda water, fizzy drinks: 3.34.3

Acidity, hydrogen ion concentration of water, acidity and alkalinity: 18.1.0.1
Acidity regulators, food additives: 19.4.4.8
Solubility of acidic oxide carbon dioxide in water, acidity of soda water, fizzy drinks: 3.34.3
Soil acidity: 6.9.17.2

Acid rain, Fuel pollutants and effects
Acid rain and nitrogen oxides, NOx: 3.48
Air pollution: 18.6.0
CFCs, chlorofluorocarbons: 12.19.5.0
Fertility of different soils: 6.4
Formation of acid rain, SOx, by burning sulfur or sulfur compounds: 12.6.0.1

Acroleic acid, CH₂CHCO₂H, acrylic acid, propenoic acid, prop-2-enoic acid, (simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid): Toxic by all routes
Acroleic acid, Solution < 5%, Not hazardous
Acrolein, prop-2-enal, Toxic by all routes
Acrolein, Solution < 0.1%, Not hazardous
Polyacrylic acid, cross-linked sodium salt, Instant Expanding Snow: See pdf
Polyacrylamide powder, superabsorbent, Instant Wet Snow: See pdf
Prepare sodium polyacrylate gels, acrylic sodium salt polymer, ASAP: 3.4.2.5.1
poly (acrylic acid), PAA, carbomer, (C₃H₄O₂)n, monomer
Sodium polyacrylate, Super Expanding Creatures: See pdf

Adenosine-5-diphosphate, ADP, (sodium salt)
Adenosine-5-monophosphate, AMP, (sodium salt)
Adenosine-5-triphosphoric acid, ATP, (sodium salt)
Adenosine, D-ribose
Adenosine triphosphate, ATP: 6.6.1.1

Adipic acid, HOOC(CH₂)₄COOH, (CH₂)₄(COOH)₂, butanedicarboxylic acid, hexandioic acid, Harmful if ingested
colourless needles, (used to make nylon 6,6 (Bri nylon), and polyester resin)
Dicarboxylic acids: 16.4.1.1.1
Food buffers, food additive, E355, food acid, raising agent: 19.4.4.12
Prepare nylon polymer: 3.4.7

Adrenaline (epinephrine) amines and alkaloids, phenethylamine group: 1.6.0A
Amine intolerance: 19.4.2.2.2
Amphetamines, amphetamine, epinephrine (adrenaline) amphetamine-type stimulants: 11.11.4

Agar, agar agar, agar powder, nutrient agar (beef broth + agar), tablets
Agar, powder, jelly-like substance from red seaweed, agar nutrient, agar agar, isinglass, Macassar gum, gelatinous substance
Agar, E406 Agar (from red algae, Phylum Rhodophyta) (vegetable gum) (thickener, emulsifier)
Agar (potato) dextrose, cornmeal, isinglass, Macassar gum
Differences in potential on iron nail: 15.7.3
Gels in the home kitchen: 7.8.5.3
Observe movement of ions from sodium sulfate solution: 3.4.2
Media and solutions: 9.1.2.11
Polysaccharide gums: 16.3.2.9
Phylum Rhodophyta, red algae (protist): 9.0.14
Rotting banana and rotting grass: 9.159

Air pollution, danger of vehicle exhausts, tailpipe gases: 18.6.3
Air pollution from burning refuse: 18.6.2
Tests for harmful substances in cigarette smoke: 19.2.28

Albumin, Tests for albumin and gelatine: 16.6.4
Albumin, serum albumin, Luminol: 14.3.0.1
Albuminous seed, castor oil plant (botany): 9.5.4
Fibrous proteins and globular proteins: 16.3.6.0.2 (See 2.)
Pasteurization and UHT: 19.3.6.12
Tests for albumin and gelatin: 16.6.4
Tests for glucose, urine test: 19.1.20.4
Tests, Multiple reagent strips: 19.1.20.5
Tests for proteins, Albustix test strips, tetrabromophenol blue solution: 16.6.8
Tests for proteins, biuret test: 16.6.5
Tests for proteins, Millon's test: 16.6.7
Exalbuminous seed, broad bean, (Vicia faba): 9.5.5

Alcohols, absolute alcohol, 95% alcohol, hospital alcohol, denatured alcohol
See: Ethanol
Alcohols, List of alcohols: 1.4

Aldehydes, -CHO, R-CH=O, Prefix: formyl-, Suffix: -al
Aldehydes, List of aldehydes, -CHO, suffix -al: 1.5
Aldehydes, aldehydes group: (-CHO), suffix: (-al), ketones, quinones: 16.3.1.0
Fehling's tests for aldehydes in solution: 16.3.7.0
Metaldehyde
Oxidation of glucose with sodium hydroxide and methylene blue, blue bottle experiment: 16.3.7.2
Oxidation of methanol to methanal using platinum catalyst: 16.3.3
Prepare ethanal (acetaldehyde), with potassium dichromate: 16.3.1
Prepare ethanal with potassium manganate (VII): 16.3.2
Reducing sugars and nonreducing sugars: 16.3.7.1
Silver mirror tests for aldehydes, Tollens' test: 16.3.7.3
Tests for reducing sugars and aldehydes, tests for simple sugars, Fehling's test: 9.140

Alkaloids amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2
Alkaloids formed by plants from amino acids: 16.3.6.4
Amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2
Glycoalkaloids, avoid bruised or green potatoes: 19.2.17
Quinine: 16.3.5.7
Taste, smell, flavour, (taste of alkaloids): 19.3.1

Alkanes, cyclohexane, heptane, hexane, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), octane, pentane, petroleum spirit
Alkanes, (C_nH_2n+2), (paraffins), paraffin hydrocarbon: 16.1.1.1
Alkanes, (paraffins, Collect and weigh the gaseous products of a burning candle: 3.28.4
Alkanes, skeletal formula: See diagram 16.1.1

Alkali: 7.9.4
Alkali metals, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr: Group 1
Alkali, potassium hydroxide (caustic potash), sodium hydroxide (caustic soda): 5.3.3
Alkali, Strong alkalis: ammonia solution, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide
Alkali with acidic oxides, carbon dioxide: 12.7.6
Alkali with basic oxides, copper oxide: 12.7.5
Alkaline earth metals, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra: Group 2
Alkaline feldspars
Alkaline iodide, (500 g NaOH, 135 g NaI, 10 g NaN₃ in 1 L of water), Toxic
Alkaline pyrogallol, 1, 2, 3-trihydroxybenzene, Highly toxic if ingested, corrosive to skin
Alkalinity: 18.1.0.1
Bases, properties of bases, strong bases: 12.7.0
Iron oxide (black iron oxide) is a mixed base, Fe₃O_4:12.8.10
Reactions of dilute acids with alkalis: 12.10.2.2
Tests for saturated hydrocarbons, alkaline potassium manganate (VII) solution: 16.4.8

Allotropes, sulfur, carbon: 7.9.4.1
Prepare sulfur allotropes, forms of sulfur: 7.1.5
Reactions of phosphorus and phosphates, P, PO₄^3-, 12.13.1
Ozone, O₃, Prepare ozone, 3.50 (See 1.)

Alloys: 5.5.0
Alloy collection: 5.5.2
Alloys of "noble metals", Au, Ag, Pt, Pd: 5.5.11
Amalgams: 5.5.01
Alloys: 5.5.0
Corrosion of alloys, restore bronze coins: 15.3.14
Classify substances, pure substances, mixtures, solutions: 7.2.1
Copper-aluminium alloys, bronze: 5.5.8
Copper-nickel alloys: 5.5.9
Copper-zinc alloys, brass: 5.5.6
A Elements and compounds: 7.2.2 (See alloy in each metal description)
Gold, natural gold, Au, for medical use: 35.20.18
Heat treatment of steel needles, annealing, quenching, tempering: 3.64
Low melting point alloys: 5.5.4
Magnesium, Reactions of magnesium, Mg (See 2.): 12.10.1
Magnets, temporary and permanent magnets: 29.1.1
Melting point of solids: 7.4.0
Metallic bonds: 3.01.5
Nickeline, niccolite, arsenical nickel, NiAs: 35.20.30
Permalloy bar: 29.1.2.8
Solutions: 7.7.0.1
Tin, Sn: 35.20.45
Zinc, Zn: 35.20.50

Allyl alcohol, CH₂:CHCH₂OH, prop-2-en-1-ol, 2-propen-1-ol, Highly toxic by all routes
Allyl alcohol, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous
Allyl bromide, CH₂:CHCH₂Br, 1-bromoprop-2-ene, 3-bromopropene, acrid smell, Toxic by all routes
Allyl chloride, CH₂:CHCH₂Cl, 3-chloropropene, (plastics production) Toxic by all routes
Allyl chloride, Solution < 0.1%, Not hazardous

Alum, common alum, hydrated aluminium potassium sulfate, potassium alum, potash alum, KAl(SO₄)₂: 12H₂O
Ammonium alum, NH₄Al(SO₄)₂.12H₂O, Tschermignite
Prepare chrome alum, chromium (III) potassium sulfate, KCr(SO₄)₂, KCr(SO₄)₂.12H₂O: 12.14.4
Prepare iron (IlI) ammonium alum, (NH₄)₂SO₄.Fe₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O: 12.14.3
Prepare potash alum from aluminium foil: 12.14.2
Prepare potash alum from its constituent salts: 12.14.1
Soda alum, Na₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O

Aluminium, Al, metal, ion Al³⁺, granules (stabilized), pellets, powder, powder (coated), (powder 1396), Flammable powder
Aluminium, Al, Table of the elements
Aluminium foil, 399 mm X 150 M roll
Alfoil disposable containers + lid, 105 mm width X 184 mm depth X 38 mm height
Aluminium properties: 7.2.2.1
Aluminium chemical reactions: 12.1.0
Aluminium powder, particle movement: 3.3.5
Aluminium Toxicity: 3.6.1
Anodize aluminium: 15.1.8
Corrosion of aluminium: 15.3.15
Duralumin alloy of Al + Cu + Mg
Heat aluminium foil: 8.2.11
Reactions of aluminium: 12.01.1
Reactions of aluminium salts: 12.01.2
Reactions of sulfuric acid with aluminium: 12.3.3.1
Recycle an aluminium drink-can as potassium aluminium sulfate, alum: 12.7.3.1
Tests for aluminium: 12.11.3.10.1

Aluminium compounds
Alum: 7.2.2.1a
Alumina, aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide
Alumina, anti-bumping, granules, boiling chips, (fused alumina, flower pot bits), Boiling point, (b.p.), of liquids: 7.5.0
Alumina, alumina polishing powder
Aluminium acetate, Al (COOCH₃)₃, aluminium ethanoate
Aluminium ammonium sulfate, Harmful if ingested
Aluminium ammonium sulfate (dodecahydrate), AlNH₄(SO₄)₂.12H₂O, ammonium alum, food additive E523, buffer, stabilizer
Aluminium bromide, anhydrous, Toxic if ingested or skin contact
Aluminium carbonate
Aluminium chloride, AlCl₃, anhydrous, covalent, Toxic if ingested
Aluminium chloride, Solution < 5%, Not hazardous
Aluminium chloride, hydrated, AlCl₃.6H₂O, the anhydrous AlCl₃ is covalent, for 0.1 M soln., 24 g of hydrated salt in 1 L water
Aluminium chloride, Fireproof cloth: 3.5.11 (See 1.)
Aluminium compounds, tests in solution: 12.11.3.9
Aluminium fluoride
Aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)₃ dyes with a mordant: 19.5.3
Aluminium hydroxide, Alkalis with amphoteric oxides and hydroxides: 12.7.7
Aluminium hydroxide, make aluminium hydroxide precipitate, remove colour using aluminium hydroxide: 7.6.4
Aluminium nitrate, AAS Solution, hydrated aluminium nitrate, Harmful if ingested
Aluminium orthophosphate
Aluminium oxalate, Harmful if ingested
Aluminium oxide, Al₂O₃, alumina, corundum, amphoteric, (used for leaching minerals), Lung irritation, Toxic if inhaled
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, AlK(SO₄)₂.12H₂O, (also: KAl(SO₄)₂.12H₂O), hydrated aluminium potassium sulfate: 19.1.8
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, potash alum, "alum", aluminium potash
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, clarify muddy water: 10.11.1
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, fireproof paper: 12.10.12
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, into clay suspension: 7.6.2.2
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, Secret writing inks, alum solution, K₂SO₄Al₂(SO₄)₃.2H₂O: 3.2.5.1
Aluminium sulfate, Al₂(SO₄)₃, hydrated aluminium sulfate, Al₂(SO₄)₃.18H₂O, (NOT "alum"!)
Aluminium sulfate, Al₂(SO₄)₃ xH₂O, aluminium sulfate hydrate, cake alum, Harmful to eyes, Harmful if ingested
Aluminium sulfate, potassium alum or aluminium sulfate with clay suspensions: 7.6.2.2
Aluminium sulfate, potassium sulfate, artificial gemstones: 12.10.2.6.1
Aluminium sulfate, weight of aluminium in aluminium sulfate: 17.6.2
Bentonite, bentonite clay, Al₂Mg(OH)₂[Si₄O₁₀](Ca, Na)_x.4H₂O: 35.22.4.4
Cryolite (sodium aluminium fluoride): 35.20.13
Fuller's earth, Al₂Mg(OH)₂[Si₄O₁₀](Ca, Na)_x.4H₂O: 35.22.4.5
Halloysite, Al₄Si₄(OH)₈O₁₀.4H₂O, clay mineral
Illite, KAl₄(Si, Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄, KAl₄(Si, Al)₈O₁₈.2H₂O, most common clay mineral
Kaolinite, kaolin-type clays, Al₄[(OH)₈Si₄O₁₀]: 35.20.21.1
Prepare potash alum from aluminium foil, K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O, 12.14.2
Prepare potash alum, K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O, from its constituent salts: 12.14.1
Tests for aluminium compounds in solution: 12.11.3.9
Tests for aluminium compounds: 12.13.1
Topaz, Al₂(F₂SiO₄)
Weight of aluminium in aluminium sulfate: 17.6.2
Zeolite, e.g. tetrapropylammonium (TPA) ZSM-5: 35.20.49

Amines, aliphatic amines (RNH₂^-, R = alkyl group) Amines group: (-NH₂) suffix: -amine: 16.2.4.3
Amines, primary (methylamine, CH₃NH₂), secondary (dimethylamine, (CH₃)₂NH), tertiary (trimethylamine, (CH₃)₃N)
Amine intolerance, food: 19.4.2.2.2
Amines, List of amines, amino, -NH₂: 1.7
Amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2

Amino acids: 16.3.6.1.0
Amino acid nomenclature: 16.3.6.1.1
Amino acids, alpha amino acids, Table of the 20 alpha amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2
Amino acids, proteins, peptides, amino acids: 16.6.1.1
Amino acids, separate amino acids by paper chromatography: 10.2.2.5

Amphetamine, 1-phenyl-2-aminopropane, C₆H₅CH₂CH(NH₂)CH₃Amphetamines, Phenethylamine group: 1.6.0A
Amphetamine See diagram 14.03: Amphetamine
Amphetamines, amphetamine, epinephrine (adrenaline) amphetamine-type stimulants: 11.11.4
Amphetamines, cocaine and amphetamines: 11.11.3a

Amphoteric, Al(OH)₃ reacts as a base, H₃AlO₃ reacts as a base: 7.9.6
Amphoteric oxides, e.g. Al(OH)₃, Al₂O3, Acidic, basic, amphoteric, neutral and mixed oxides: 12.17.0
Alkalis with amphoteric oxides and hydroxides: 12.7.7
Amphoteric substances: 12.3.0.1
Proteins are amphoteric: 16.6.12
Reactions of alkalis using amphoteric oxides and hydroxides: 12.3.0
Reactions of aluminium salts: 12.01.2 (See 2.)

Aniline, C₆H₅NH₂, phenylamine, aminobenzene, (phenylammonium ion. anilinium ion, C₆H₅NH₃⁺), Not permitted in schools
Aniline blue (C.I. 42755), China blue, cotton blue, water blue, (alcohol soluble), Highly toxic if ingested
Aniline dyes: blue (water soluble) CI 42780 (CI acid blue 22)
Aniline-formaldehyde, thermoset plastics: 3.8.6
Aniline hydrochloride, Highly toxic if ingested
Aniline hydrochloride, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous
Aniline hydrochloride, aniline chloride, anilinium chloride, Microscopy stain (lignified tissue yellow): 3.4
Aniline, phenylamine, aminobenzene, C₆H₅NH₂, (phenylammonium ion. anilinium ion, C₆H₅NH₃⁺): 16.3.4.0.4
Aniline sulfate, Highly toxic if ingested, Aniline sulfate, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous, anilinium sulfate, microscopy stain: 3.5

Antifreeze (The most common antifreeze is ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₂)
Abuse of volatile substances, inhalants: 11.11.01
Blood constituents (humans): 9.214 (Drinking antifreeze, toxic)
Dihydric alcohols, glycol: 16.1.3.0.1
Melting point of ice and freezing point, f.p., of water, antifreeze: 7.4.3.0
Relative sweetness of some artificial sweeteners: 19.4.2.4
Tests for saturated hydrocarbons, alkaline potassium manganate (VII) solution test: 16.4.8
Vapour pressure of pure water and solution of a non-volatile solvent: 24.1.02

Antimony, Sb, (stibium), metal (metalloid), powder, shot, particles
Antimony mineral, natural antimony, Sb (Geology): 35.20.2
Antimony, Sb, Table of the elements
Antimony properties: 7.2.2.2
Antimony black, (powdered antimony used to give plaster casts metallic look)
Antimony: 35.20.2
Antimony, Law of mass action and reversible reactions, hydrolysis of antimony chloride: 17.5.5.2
Antimony, Reactions of antimony: 12.2.1
Antimony, Tests for antimony: 12.11.3.10.3
The antimony pigments Naples yellow, antimony white and antimony black are all highly toxic cumulative poisons.

Antimony compounds
Antimonic compounds (+5 oxidation state), e.g. antimony (V) chloride, SbCl₅Antimonous compounds (+3 oxidation state) e.g. antimony (III) chloride, SbCl₃
Antimony (III) chloride, SbCl₃, antimonous chloride, antimony trichloride, butter of antimony, Harmful, Corrosive
Antimony (III) fluoride, SbF₃Antimony (III) sulfide, SbS3, is added to some match heads to increase the vigour of burningAntimony (III) oxide, antimony trioxide, senarmonite, velentinite
Antimony (V) chloride, antimonic chloride, antimony pentachloride, SbCl₅
Antimony (V) fluoride, SbF₅
Antimonial lead, lead-antimony alloy, bouronite
Antimony bloom, Sb₂O₃, Valentinite, weathering product of antimony ores
Antimony chloride, antimony trichloride
Antimony oxide, antimony trioxide
Antimony oxysulfide, antimony red, vermilion
Antimony potassium tartrate, AAS std
Antimony trioxide, antimony bloom
Antimony trisulfide, antimony black
Stibnite, Sb₂S3, antimonite, antimony glance, grey antimony:35.20.42
Tartar emetic
Tests for antimonates, borates, oxalates: 12.11.5.2a

Argon, Ar
Argon, Ar, Table of the elements
Argon properties: 7.2.2.3
Packaging gases, propellants, food additive E938: 19.4.4.22

Arsenic, As, extremely toxic, Arsenic and arsenic compounds are Not permitted in schools
A 65 mg dose or repeated smaller doses may be poisonous. Also small quantities of arsenic may be carcinogenic.
Arsenic, As, Table of the elements, Arsenic mineral, As, natural arsenic
Arsenic properties: 7.2.2.4
Arsenic chemical reactions: 12.2.2
Arsenic (III) acid, HAsO₃, (formerly arsenious acid)
Arsenic (III) iodide, arsenic triiodide, Not permitted in schools
Arsenic (III) oxide, As₄O₆, As₂O₃, arsenolite (white arsenic), claudetite mineral, Not permitted in schools
Arsenic (V) acid, H₃AsO₄, (formerly arsenic acid), Not permitted in schools
Arsenic (V) oxide, As₂O₅, arsenic oxide
Arsenic, Chemical reactions: 7.2.2.4
Arsenic trioxide, As₂O₃, arsenic (III) oxide, arsenic (III) trioxide, arsenious oxide, arsenious acid, white arsenic, Extremely toxic
Arsenic trisulfide, As₂S₃, arsenic sulphide, orpiment mineral, yellow orpiment pigment and dye, (Arabic: az zarnik gold), Toxic
Arsenolite, As₂O₃
Arsenopyrite, mispickel, arsenical pyrites, FeAsS
Hardite, case-hardening material containing arsenic
Orpiment, As₂S₃, tinsel
Reactions of arsenic and arsenic compounds: 12.2.2
Realgar mineral, As₄S₄, non-metallic lustre
Tests for arsenic: 12.11.3.10.4
Wood treated with copper chrome arsenate (CCA): 12.2.2.1
The pigments copper acetoarsenite (green 21, emerald green, Paris green), copper arsenite (Scheele's green), cobalt arsenite,
arsenic trisulfide (yellow 39) are extremely toxic, carcinogenic and not permitted in schools.

Ascorbic acid, powder pillows, L-ascorbic acid tablets, vitamin C
Ascorbic acid, dipsticks to test the vitamin C, ascorbic acid, content of food: 19.1.20
Ascorbic acid, in citrus fruits, vitamin C: 16.4.1.3
Ascorbic acid, phosphate ions in water: 18.4.1
Solubility of carbohydrates in water, vitamin C (ascorbic acid): 9.134
Tests for vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid): 9.143

Asbestos, Crocodolite asbestos and blue asbestos Not permitted in schools, store demonstration specimens in sealed containers or embedded in plastic
Asbestos, hydrous magnesium silicate, asbestos fibre, mineral wool: 35.20.3
Asbestos, 5% platinized, platinized asbestos
Asbestos (Greek: unqsodom, material)

Aspartic acid, Asp, Table of the 20 alpha amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2 (See 4.)
Aspartic acid, L-, HOOC-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH, 2-aminopentanedioic acid, glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, (amino acid)
Aspartic acid: See diagram 16.3.6.0.1
Amino acids: 16.3.6.1.0
Separate amino acids with paper chromatography: 10.2.2.5
Sweeteners phenylalanine and aspartame: 19.4 2 5

Aspirin, C₉H₈O₄, acetylsalicyclic acid, Harmful if ingested long-term, Do not give to children < 12 years
Aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid, acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid
Aspirin, acetophen, ASA, entrophen, from willow Salix alba
Aspirin antithrombic, anti-platelet and pain relieving medicine
Aspirin and analgesics, paracetamol, acetaminophen (Panadol, Tylenol): 11.11.6
Aspirin, prepare aspirin crystals: 3.1.4
Aspirin, salicylate intolerance: 19.4.2.2.1
Filipendula ulmaria (origin of aspirin)
Rates of reactions of aspirin: 17.2.4
Salicyclic acid, C₆H₄(OH)COOH, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid
Separate aspirin, caffeine and paracetamol with thin layer plate chromatography: 10.2.2.6
Toxic effect of common drugs on Daphnia: 19.2.29
Salicyclic acid, C₆H₄(OH)COOH, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid, Harmful, skin irritant
Salicyclic acid is a bitter-tasting derivative of phenol used to make fungicides and aspirin.
Acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, C₉H₈O_4,acetyl salicyclic acid, Harmful if ingested long-term
Anacardium occcidentale, cashew nut tree, Gajus, [anacardic acid, gallic acid, salicyclic acid, tannin], herbal remedy, Anacardiaceae
Aromatic carboxylic acids and derivatives, e.g. benzoic acid, salicyclic acid: 16.3.4.0.11
Salicyclate, Salicyclic acid salt or ester, Salicylate intolerance: 19.4.2.2.1
Test for aspirin: 12.1.9

Atoms, "Images of atoms"
Atoms: 3.0
Actinoids, (actinide series): Table 1
Atomic absorption spectroscopy: 36.101.1
Atomic number (in Periodic table): Table 1
Atomic number (definition): Table 2
Atomic mass units (definition): Table 2
Atomic mass unit, Elements and chemical reactions: 7.2.2
Atomic weight: Table 2
Atoms, Make molecular models: 3.5.1
Bohr model
Elements: Table 1
Free elements: Table 2
Groups: Table 1
Heavy metals: Table 2
Lanthanoids (lanthanide series): Table 1
Metalloids: Table 2
Periodic variations: Table 1
Periodic table: Table 1
Periods: Table 1
Radioactive elements: Table 2
Rare earth elements: Table 1
Relative atomic mass, (molecular weight)
Transition metals (transition elements): Table 1
Table of the elements: Table 2

Autocatalysis, Ethanedioic acid-2-water (oxalic acid) with potassium manganate (VII), autocatalysis: 17.3.3
Ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide, autocatalytic hydrolysis: 17.3.15
Potassium bromate with malonic acid, double autocatalytic reaction, oscillating reaction: 17.3.7