School Science Lessosn
Plants, Dicotyledons, Q to Z
2012-01-14
Alphabetic listing of scientific names (genus and species), and common names of dicotyledons
Flowering plants, (angiosperms), Dicotyledons, Phylum Magnoliophyta
Scientific name, common name, Family, country of origin or where now found, habit, [use, botanical interest, ee: essential oil contains mainly ...]
Q.
Quassia amara, quassia wood, [many phytochemicals, more bitter than quinine], medicinal plant, Surinam, Simaroubaceae
Quercus robur, oak trees, damp oak, blackjack oak, (oak Latin: aesculus) [commercial cork, tannins, gall-oak, pinnately-lobed lamina], herbal remedy, Fagaceae
Quercus suber, cork oak tree, Fagaceae
Quincula, quincula Solanaceae
Quisqualis indica, Rangoon creeper, Indian almond, [clusters of pink and scarlet flowers], Combretaceae
Quillaja saponaria, quillaia, soap bark tree, China bark tree, [Murillo bark extract, E999 quillaia extract, saponins, flavour enhancer, foaming agent, in beer], Rosaceae
R.
Rafflesia arnoldi, rafflesia, Malaysia, [largest flower, 1 m diam., putrefaction odour attracts flies, root parasite, vegetative body reduced to filaments], Rafflesiaceae
Rafinesquia, plume seed, Asteraceae
Randia indigo, Rubiaceae
Ranunculus ficaria, (Ficaria grandiflora, F. verna, F. ranunculoides), lesser celandine. buttercup, cuckoo-bud, pilewort, crowfoot, poisonous, herbal remedy, Ranunculaceae
Raoulia, vegetable "sheep", [dense weft of hairs], Asteraceae
Raphanus raphanistrum, wild radish, horse radish, radish, herbal remedy, vegetable, Brassicaceae
Raphanus sativus, radish, Brassicaceae
Ratibida, prairie coneflower, Asteraceae
Rapistrum, bastard cabbage, Brassicaceae
Rauvolfia, devil's-pepper, Caribbean snakeroot, quinine tree, local medicine, [reserpine alkaloid], Apocynaceae
Rayjacksonia, tansy aster, Asteraceae
Rebutia, crown cactus, hedgehog cactus, Cactaceae
Reichardia, bright eyes, Asteraceae
Rehmannia glutinosa, shu di huang, Chinese foxglove, herbal remedy, Scrophulariaceae
Reseda odorata, reseda, mignonette, mignonett, [essential oil], Resedaceae
Retama, bridal broom, Fabaceae
Rhamnus purshiana, buckthorn, lokao, coffeeberry, cascara, drug cascara sagrada, too strong laxative, Rhamnaceae
Rhaponticum uniflorum, uniflower, Swiss centaury, medicine, [polypodine alkaloid], Asteraceae
Rhoeo, spathacea oyster plant, Moses-in-a-boat, Commelinaceae
Rheum palmatum, rhubarb, herbal remedy, Polygonaceae
Rheum rhapontium, rhubarb, great monk's rhubarb, herbal remedy, oxalic acid, poisonous leaves, vegetable, Polygonaceae
Rhinanthus, yellow rattle, Scrophulariaceae
Rhizanthella gardneri, underground orchid, Orchidaceae
Rhizophora mangle, red mangrove, tannins, Rhizophoraceae
Rhodanthe anthemoides, paper daisy, Asteraceae
Rhodanthe chlorocephala, rosy sunray, Asteraceae
Rhododendron, rhododendron, azalea, rhodora, rosebay, Ericaceae
Rhodomyrtus macrocarpa, finger cherry, poisonous fruit, red fruit may cause blindness, Myrtaceae
Rhodomyrtus tomentosus, rose myrtle, Myrtaceae
Rhus, (Cotinus), sumacs, sumach, Chinese sumac, nutgall tree, lacquer tree, skunkbush, sugar bush, [tannins, tannic acid], herbal remedy, Anacardiaceae
Rhus aromatica, sweet sumach, herbal remedy, Anacardiaceae
Rhus hirta, North American sumac, stag-horn, stag-horn sumac, Anacardiaceae
Rhus typhina, stag's horn sumac, [pinnate leaves with toothed leaflets, deeply dissected fern-like foliage], Anacardiaceae
Rhynchosia, snout bean, Fabaceae
Ribes nigrum, blackcurrant, [niribine oil], Grossulariaceae
Ribes rubrum, cultivated currant, Grossulariaceae
Ribes uva-crispa, gooseberry, fruit, Grossulariaceae
Richardia, Mexican clover, Rubiaceae
Ricinocarpus ricinocarpus, [seed oils], Euphorbiaceae
Ricinus communis, castor oil bush, castor bean, castor oil plant, kikayon, castor oil, herbal remedy, [ricinine alkaloid, endosperm has aleurone grains and oil globules, fatty reserves as a liquid oil], Euphorbiaceae
Rivina, rivina, Phytolaccaceae
Robinia pseudo-acacia, black locust, false acacia, Fabaceae
Robinia psudoacacia, locust tree, robinia, mop top, "frisia" ornamental tree, [stipules modified as thorns, rootstock suckers are a problem], Fabaceae
Rolandra, yerba de plata, Asteraceae
Roldana, groundsel, Asteraceae
Rollinea mucosa, wild sugar apple, Annonaceae
Romanzoffia, mist maiden, Hydrophyllaceae
Rorippa, watercress, yellow cress, Brassicaceae
Rosa, rose, sweetbrier, egantine, rose hip tea, damask rose, attar of rose pefume, rose water, [leafy green stipules], herbal remedy, Rosaceae
Rosa alba, (R. damascena var. alba, cv. semiplena,), white rose, York rose, Rosaceae
Rosa arvensis, musk-rose, trailing rose, Rosaceae
Rosa canina, dog rose, dog hip, wild rose, wild briar, Provence rose, French rose, rose de mal, hundred-leaved rose, herbal remedy, (rosehips rich in vitamin C) Rosaceae
Rosa centifolia, provincial rose, cabbage rose, Rosaceae
Rosa damascena, damask rose, Lancaster rose, Turkish rose, Bulgarian rose, cv. Trigintipetaia, cv. Kazanlik rose, var. semperflorens, Rosaceae
Rosa gallica, red rose, York and Lancaster rose, Tudor rose, Rosa gallica, French rose, provins rose, (cv. Conditorum, Hungarian rose), cv. Officinalis, apothecary rose, red damask rose, Rosaceae
Rosa indica, tea rose, oriental rose, Rosaceae
Rosa muscatta, musk rose, Rosaceae
Rosa rubiginosa, (R. eglanteria), eglantine, sweet briar, rose hips, garden herb, Rosaceae
Rosa rugosa, rugosa rose, shrub rose, rose hips, ramanas rose, Japanese rose, Chinese rose, Rosaceae
Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemary, Hungary water, garden hedge, herbal remedy, [carnosol is a phenolic diterpene that, may inhibit breast cancer, may have anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive action], Lamiaceae
Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemary, var. officinalis, rosemary, [herbal remedy dispels melancholy], Lamiaceae
Rosmarinus officinalis var. angustifolia, (R. tenuifolius), pine-scented rosemary, pine-needled rosemary, Lamiaceae
Rosmarinus officinalis var. lavendulaceus, (R. officinalis, R. humulis, R. procumbens), prostrate rosemary, Lamiaceae
Rubia peregrina, wild madder, garden herb, Rubiaceae
Rubia tinctoria, madder, dyer's madder, different coloured dyes, herbal remedy, garden herb, Rubiaceae
Rubus chamaemorus, cloudberry, Rosaceae
Rubus flagellaris, northern dewberry, Rosaceae
Rubus fructicosis, blackberry, bramble, [thorns are emergences, the stem], Rosaceae
Rubus idaeus, red raspberry, herbal remedy, Rosaceae
Rubus ursinus, boysenberry, youngberry, herbal remedy, fruit, [trailing plant, aerial stems touch ground to form roots and stem, layering], Rosaceae
Rubus ursinus, youngberry, similar to boysenberry, Rosaceae
Rubusursinus X R. idaeus, (R. loganobaccus), loganberry, trailing plant, Rosaceae
Rudbeckia, black-eyed susan, coneflower, Asteraceae
Ruellia, wild petunia, Acanthaceae
Rugelia, Rugel's Indian plantain, Asteraceae
Rumex acetosa, sorrel, Polygonaceae
Rumex crispus, yellow dock, sorrel, great monk's rhubarb, herbal remedy, [digestive herbal remedy], Polygonaceae
Rumex hymenosepalus canaigre dock, wild rhubarb, Polygonaceae
Ruscus aculeatus, butcher's broom, ruscus, knee-holly, kneeholy, box holly, Jew's myrtle, kneeholm, pettigree, sweet broom, herbal remedy, Ruscaceae
Ruta angustifoilia, Sardinian rue, North African rue, Rutaceae
Ruta chalepensis, (R. bracteosa), winter rue, Sicilian rue, North African rue, Rutaceae
Ruta graveolens, rue, (true rue, common rue, garden rue), herb of grace o' Sundays, [used to sprinkle holy water], true-love, herb paris, one-berry, herbygrass, garden herb, [extremely bitter taste so symbol of repentance, large dose of rue oil is poisonous], herbal remedy, India, Rutaceae
Ruta montana, summer rue, Spanish rue, North African rue, Rutaceae
S
Saba, saba, (Pichon), pichon, Apocynaceae
Sabatia, rose gentian, Gentianaceae
Sabicea, wood vine, Rubiaceae
Sagina, pearl wort, Caryophyllaceae
Sagittaria sinensis, arrowhead, water plantain, emergent swamp plant, Alismataceae
Saintpaulia ionantha, African violet, Usambara violet, [propagated by, vitro culture], Gesneriaceae
Sairocarpus, snapdragon, Scrophulariaceae
Salicornia, pickle weed, Chenopodiaceae
Salix alba, willow, herbal remedy, Salicaceae
Salix sepulcralis, (Chinese Peking Willow X European White Willow), salix, weeping willow, Salicaceae
Salpiglossis, salpiglossis, [zygomorphic flowers], Solanaceae
Salsola, Russian thistle, Chenopodiaceae
Salvia clevelandii, blue sage, Lamiaceae
Salvia dorisiana, peach-scented sage, British Honduran sage, Lamiaceae
Salvia elegans, (S. rutilans), pineapple-scented sage, Lamiaceae
Salvia fruticosa, (S. triloba), Greek sage, Lamiaceae
Salvia lavendulidefolia, Spanish sage, lavender-leaved sage, Lamiaceae
Salvia leucophylla, grey sage, purple sage, Lamiaceae
Salvia officinalis, sage, dalmatian sage, garden sage, herbal remedy, Lamiaceae
Salvia pomifera, (S. calycina), apple sage, Lamiaceae
Salvia sclarea, clary sage, muscatel sage, clary wort, clear eye, see bright,clary, clarry, eye bright, herbal remedy Lamiaceae
Salvia splendens, garden ornamental, Lamiaceae
Salvia verbenacea, (S. clandestina, S. horminoldes), vervain sage, wild clary, Lamiaceae
Salvia viridis, (S. horminum), bluebeard sage, joseph sage, red-topped sage, Lamiaceae
Salvia douglasii, (Micromeria chamissonis, M. douglasii), yerba buena, Lamiaceae
Samanea, raintree, Fabaceae
Sambucus nigra, elderberry, elder tree, elderflower, blue elder, herbal remedy, [source of vitamin C], Caprifoliaceae
Samolus, brook weed, Primulaceae
Sanguinaria canadensis, bloodroot, herbal remedy, [benzylisoquinoline alkaloids], Papaveraceae
Sanguisorba minor, small burnet, salad burnet, Rosaceae
Santalum album, East Indian sandalwood, white sandalwood, white saunders, yellow sandalwood, sanderswood, Mysore sandalwood, Santalaceae
Santalum ellipticum, sandalwood, Hawaii, Santalaceae
Santalum spicatum, (Eucarya spicata), Australian sandalwood, Santalaceae
Santolina chamaecyparissus, (Lavendula taemina), lavender cotton, santolina, cotton lavender, Asteraceae
Sanvitalia, creeping zinnia, Asteraceae
Saponaria, soap wort, Caryophyllaceae
Sapota, sapota, (sapodilla), Sapotaceae
Saraca indica, ashoka, herbal remedy, India, Caesalpinaceae
Sarcobatus, grease wood, Chenopodiaceae
Sarcocornia, swamp fire, Chenopodiaceae
Sarcodes, snow plant, Monotropaceae
Saritaea magnifica, glow vine, ornamental tree, Bignoniaceae
Sarracenia flava, yellow pitcher plant, American pitcher plant, trumpet pitcher, Sarraceniaceae
Sauropus androgynus, sweet leaf, katuk, star gooseberry, Euphorbiaceae
Sauvagesia, sauvagesia, Ochnaceae
Sartwellia, glow wort, Asteraceae
Sassafras albidum, (S. officinale, Laurus sassafras, S. variifolium), sassafras, sassafrax, North American sassafras, [sassafras oil, poisonous bark, leaves have autumn, (fall), colours], Lauraceae
Satureja biflora, lemon savory, Lamiaceae
Satureja hortensis, (Satureia hortensis, Calamintha hortensis), summer savory, garden savory, Lamiaceae
Satureja montana, (S. obovata, Calamintha montana), winter savory, Lamiaceae
Satureja repandra, savory, prostrate savory, Lamiaceae
Satureja thymbra, za'atar rumi, Lamiaceae
Saussurea costus, (S. lappa, Aucklandia costus, Aplotaxis lappa, A. auriculata), costus, saw-wort, Asteraceae
Saxifraga, saxifrage, [small plants growing in rock clefts], Saxifragaceae
Scabiosa, (Succisa), pin cushions, devil's bit, herbal remedy, Dipsacaceae
Scaevola naupaka, [family has only one genus], Goodeniaceae
Schefflera, umbrella tree, Queensland umbrella tree, octopus tree, Araliaceae
Schinopsis, quebracho, tannins, Anacardiaceae
Schinus molle, Peruvian pepper tree, Peruvian mastic, California pepper tree, Anacardiaceae
Schizandra chinensis, Chinese we wei zi, [relaxing tonic and sexual function herbal remedy], Schizandraceae
Schizandra glabra, bay starvine, Schizandraceae
Schizanthus, schizanthus, [zygomorphic flowers], Solanaceae
Schizolobium, Brazilian fire tree, Fabaceae
Schkuhria, false threadleaf, Asteraceae
Schleichera oleosa, Malay lac tree, macassar oil tree, India, [host of lac insect, produces edible fat, used for hair-oil], Sapindaceae
Schleinitzia tangan, tangan, Fabaceae
Schlumbergera, Christmas cactus, Cactaceae
Schoenocrambe, plains mustard, Brassicaceae Schotia brachypetala, African walnut, weeping Boer bean, Fabaceae
Schultesia, wingcup, Gentianaceae
Scleranthus, German knot grass, Caryophyllaceae
Sclerocactus, fish hook cactus, Cactaceae
Sclerocarpus, bone bract, Asteraceae
Sclerolepis, bog button, Asteraceae
Scolymus, golden thistle, Asteraceae
Scoparia, licorice weed, Scrophulariaceae
Scopulophila, rock wort, Caryophyllaceae
Scorpiurus, scorpion's-tail, Fabaceae
Scorzonera hispanica, black salsify, garden vegetable, Asteraceae
Scorzonera laciniata, cutleaf vipergrass, Asteraceae
Scrophularia nodosa, figwort, throatwort, herbal remedy, Scrophulariaceae
Scutellaria lateriflora, skullcap, mad dog herb, herbal remedy, [sedative], Lamiaceae
Sechium edule, choko, choyote, chow chow, vegetable, Cucurbitaceae
Sedum spectabile, stonecrop, wall pepper, houseleek, orpine, herbal remedy golden moss, ornamental, Crassulaceae
Selenicereus, moonlight cactus, Cactaceae
Selinocarpus, moonpod, Nyctaginaceae
Sempervivum tectorum, house leek, herbal remedy, Crassulaceae
Senecio aureus, life root, herbal remedy, Asteraceae
Senecio confusus, Mexican flame vine, Asteraceae
Senecio jacobea, ragwort, alkaloidal stock poison, weed, Asteraceae
Senecio, ragwort, groundsel, threadleaf groundsel, dusty miller, poisonous alkaloids common groundsel, herbal remedy, Asteraceae
Senna, (Cassia), senna, cassia, kassod tree, [medicine], Fabaceae
Sericocarpus, white top aster, Asteraceae
Serissa, snow rose, Rubiaceae
Serratula, plumeless saw-wort, Asteraceae
Serruria florida, X rosea sugar 'n' spice, [pink flowers], Proteaceae
Sesamum orientale sesame, [sesame oil], garden herb, Pedaliaceae
Sesbania, river hemp, Fabaceae
Sesuvium, sea purslane, Aizoaceae
Seymeria, black senna, Scrophulariaceae
Shinnersoseris, beaked skeleton weed, Asteraceae
Shorea, shorea, Dipterocarpaceae
Sibara, winged rock cress, Brassicaceae
Sicyos, burr cucumber, Cucurbitaceae
Sida, fan petals, Malvaceae
Sidalcea, checker bloom, Malvaceae
Sidastrum, sand mallow, Malvaceae
Sideroxylon foetidissimum, false mastic, bully, Sapotaceae
Sigesbeckia, St. Paul's wort, Asteraceae
Silene, catch fly, Caryophyllaceae
Silphium, rosin weed, Asteraceae
Silybum, marianum, milk thistle, variegated thistle, stock poison, weed, [white markings supposed to be from milk from Our Lady's breast], Asteraceae
Simmondsia chinensis, jojoba, goat nut, jojoba oil, Simmondsiaceae
Simsia, bush sunflower, Asteraceae
Sinapsis alba, (Brassica alba, B. hirta), white mustard, yellow mustard, [mustard and cress sandwiches, glucoside sinalbin], herbal remedy, Brassicaceae
Sinomenium acutum, sinomenium, [sinomenine alkaloid], Menispermaceae
Siphonoglossa, tube tongue, Acanthaceae
Sisymbrium, (Descurainia), hedge mustard, flix weed, flux weed, herbal remedy, Brassicaceae
Sium suave, great water parsley, creeping water parsley, aquatic, poisonous skirret, Apiaceae
Skimmia laureola, Rutaceae
Sloanea, bullwood, Elaeocarpaceae
Smallanthus, smallanthus, Asteraceae
Smelowskia, candytuft, Brassicaceae
Smyrnium, smyrnium, horse parsely, herbal remedy, Apiaceae
Solandra grandiflora, solandra, showy chalicevine, cup of gold, Hawaiian lily, Mexico, [trumpet-like flowers], Solanaceae
Solanum, nightshade, bitter sweet, woody nightshade, toxic alkaloids, poisonous, [solanidine alkaloid, fruit a berry], Solanaceae
Solanum capsicoides, Devil's apple, hazardous plant with spines and sharp hairs, alkaloid solanine, Solanaceae
Solanum lycopersicum, (Lycopersicon esculentum), tomato, [berry fruit], Solanaceae
Solanum melongena, aubergine, eggplant, egg-plant, vegetable eggplant, Solanaceae
Solanum muricatum, pepino, Solanaceae
Solanum nigrum, blackberry nightshade, hazardous plant, green fruit is poisonous, Solanaceae
Solanum tuberosum, potato, Irish potato, vegetable, [vegetative reproduction by tuber], Solanaceae
Soldanella alpina, alpine snowbell, Primulaceae
Solenostemon scutellarioides, (Coleus), dwarf coleus, ornamental shrub, [colourful leaves], Lamiaceae
Solenostemon rotundifolius, (Coleus parviflorus, C. rotundifolius, C. tuberosus), coleus, aromatic tubers, staple food. Lamiaceae
Solidago odora, sweet goldenrod, fragrant goldenrod, Asteraceae
Solidago virgaurea, golden rod sorrel, herbal remedy, garden herb, herbal remedy, Asteraceae
Soliva, burr weed, Asteraceae
Sonchus, sow thistle, vegetable, herbal remedy, Asteraceae
Sophora flavescens, kuhseng, necklace pod, [oxymatrine, matrine alkaloid], Fabaceae
Sophora secundiflora, mescal bean, pagoda tree, kuhseng, [cytisine alkaloid], Fabaceae
Sorbus americana, American mountain ash, Rosaceae
Sorbus aucuparia European mountain ash, rowan, wiggentree, witchen, whitebeam, service tree, Rosaceae
Spartium junceum, (Genista juncea), broom, weaver's broom, genista, genet, Spanish broom, [yellow dye, sparteine alkaloid], Fabaceae
Spathodea campanulata, African tulip tree, tulip tree, fountain tree, flame of the forest, fire tree, ornamental tree, Bignoniaceae
Spergula, spurry, Caryophyllaceae
Spergularia, sand spurry, Caryophyllaceae
Spermacoce, false button weed, Rubiaceae
Sphaeralcea, globe mallow, Malvaceae
Sphaeromeria, chicken sage, Asteraceae
Sphagneticola, creeping-oxeye, Asteraceae
Sphenoclea sphenoclea, [one genus in family], Sphenocleaceae
Spigelia, pink root, Loganiaceae
Spinacia oleracea, spinach, English spinach, vegetable, Chenopodiaceae
Spiracantha, dogwood leaf, Asteraceae
Spondias mombin, hog plum, Mexico
Stachytarpheta, porterweed Verbenaceae
Stachys, Chinese artichoke, vegetable, wood betony, clown's woundwort, marsh woundwort, herbal remedy, woundwort, Lamiaceae
Stachys clingmanii, hedgenettle, Lamiaceae
Stachys betonica, wood betony, [sedative herbal remedy], Lamiaceae
Stachys lanata, lamb's tongues, lamb's ears, Lamiaceae
Stahlia, stahlia, Fabaceae
Stanleya, princes plume, Brassicaceae
Stellaria media, chickweed, star wort, herbal remedy, Caryophyllaceae
Stemodia, twin tip, Scrophulariaceae
Stenandrium, shaggy tuft, Acanthaceae
Stenocarpus, Proteaceae
Stenocereus, stenocereus, tall cactus, toxic sap for fish kill, Cactaceae
Stenogonum, buckwheat, Polygonaceae
Stenotus, mock goldenweed, Asteraceae
Stephanomeria, wire lettuce, Asteraceae
Stephanotis floribunda, Madagascar jasmine, wax flower, Madagascar chaplet flower, [bridal wear, shining white trumpet-shaped flowers, hyacinth fragrance], Asclepiadaceae
Sterculia quadrifida, peanut tree, Sterculiaceae
Sterculia urens, sterculia, [E416 kataya gum, thickener used, ice-cream], Sterculiaceae
Stevia rebaudiana, (Eupatorium rebaudianum), sweetleaf, sugarleaf, candy leaf, Paraguay, ["low sugar food alternative, glucoside extract is 300 times sweeter than sugar, trade name: "Rebiana"], Asteraceae
Stewartia, stewartia, Theaceae
Streptocarpus, cape primrose, Gesneriaceae
Stizolobium utile, velvet bean, Fabaceae
Stratiotes aloides, common water soldier, water aloe, herbal remedy, Hydrocharitaceae
Streptanthus, twist flower, Brassicaceae
Streptocarpus, cape primrose, Gesneriaceae
Streptosolen jamesonii, orange marmalade bush, perennial shrub, bright orange flowers, Solanaceae
Striga, witch weed, Scrophulariaceae
Strongylodon macrobotrys, strongylodon, jade vine, bayabak, Philippines, [woody climber, jade green and turquoise blue flowers], Fabaceae
Strophanthus strophanthus, lianes, [arrow poisons, source of cortisone, K-strophanthin and ouabain, G-strophanthin glucosides], Apocynaceae
Strophostyles, fuzzy bean, Fabaceae
Strychnos toxifera, (S. nux-vomica), strychnos, strychnine plant, curare, bucine, [poisonous, strychnine alkaloid, strychnia], Loganiaceae
Stylisma, dawn flower, Convolvulaceae
Stylocline, nest straw, Asteraceae
Stylosanthes, pencil flower, Fabaceae
Styphelia tubiflora, red five-corner, eastern Australia, Epacridaceae, (Ericaceae)
Styrax benzoin, gum benzoin, styrax benzoin, Sumatra benzoin, benzoin incense, styrax incense, snowbell, Northern Hemisphere, ["Friar's Balsam", the "benzoin resin" contains benzoic acid not benzoin], Styracaceae
Styrax macrotbyrsus, Vietnam styrax, Styracaceae
Styrax paralleloneurus, harninlon toba, (Indonesian), Sumatra benzoin, Styracaceae
Styrax tonkinensis, Siam styrax, Siam benzoin, Styracaceae
Subularia, awl wort, Brassicaceae
Suaeda, seep weed, Chenopodiaceae
Sullivantia, cool wort, Saxifragaceae
Swainsona, desert pea, Darling pea, Sturt's desert pea, stock poison, weed, [swainsonine-N-oxide, swainsonine alkaloid], Fabaceae
Swertia, felwort, Gentianaceae
Swietenia mahagoni West Indian mahogany , mahogany Meliaceae
Symphoricarpos, snow berry, Caprifoliaceae
Symphyotrichum, aster, Asteraceae
Symphytum officinale, comfrey, herbal remedy, garden herb, [echinidine alkaloid], Boraginaceae
Syncarpia glomulifera , turpentine tree, timber has high silica content and is resistant to marine borers, Myrtaceae
Synsepalum, synsepalum, miracle fruit, Sapotaceae
Systenotheca, spine flower, Polygonaceae
Syngonium podophyllium, syngonium, flowers are poisonous
Synsepalum dulcificium, miraculous berry (contains miraculin that makes acidic substances taste sweet), Sapotaceae
Synthyris, kitten tails, Scrophulariaceae
Syntrichopappus, Fremont's-gold, Asteraceae
Syringia vulgaris, lilac tree, ornamental tree, Oleaceae
Syzygium aqueum, watery roseapple, water apple, Myrtaceae
Syzygium aromaticum, (Eugenia aromatica, E. caryophyllata, E. caryophyllus), clove, herbal remedy, [antimicrobial properties], Myrtaceae
Syzygium australe, lillypilly, Aussie boomer, garden tree, clove, rose apple, malay apple, Myrtaceae
Syzygium cumini, Java plum, Myrtaceae
Syzygium jambos, Malabar plum, Myrtaceae
Syzygium luehmanni, small-leaved lillypilly, garden tree, Myrtaceae
Syzygium malaccense, Malaysian apple, Myrtaceae
Syzygium paniculatum, brush cherry, Myrtaceae
Syzygium samarangense, syzygium, water apple, Myrtaceae
Syzygium wilsonii ssp. wilsonii, powderpuff lillypilly, red pom-pom flowers, Myrtaceae
T.
Tabebuia rosea, trumpet-tree, pink trumpet tree, pink poui, ornamental tree, Bignoniaceae
Tabebuia serratifolia, yellow poui, ornamental tree, trumpet-tree Bignoniaceae
Tabernaemontana coronia, crepe jasmine, milk wood, ornamental shrub, Apocynaceae
Tabernanthe iboga, iboga, rainforest shrub, contains ibogaine hallucinogenic alkaloid, Apocynaceae
Taeniophyllum, "tapeworm leaf" orchid, Orchidaceae
Tagetes erecta, African marigold, Aztec marigold, Asteraceae
Tagetes lucida, winter tarragon, Spanish tarragon, sweet marigold, sweet mace, [yellow flowers], Mexican tarragon, Asteraceae
Tagetes minuta, (T. glandulifera), taget oil, tagetes, tagette, Asteraceae
Tagetes patula, marigold, French marigold, ornamental, [taget oil], Asteraceae
Talinum, fame flower, Portulacaceae
Tamarindus indica, tamarind, tinthinikam, Indian date, India, herbal remedy, Fabaceae (Caesalpinaceae)
Tamarix, (Caesalpinia mannifera), tamarisk, [has waxy exudate that was possibly the "manna" mentioned in the Bible], Egypt, Tamaricaceae
Tanacetum balsamita costmary, Asteraceae
Tanacetum cinerariifolium, [pyrethrum insecticide], Asteraceae
Tanacetum coccineum pyrethum daisy, painted daisy, Asteraceae
Tanacetum parthenium(, Chrysanthemum chrysanthemum), tansy, painted daisy, feverfew, bachelor's buttons, [migraine headache herbal remedy], Asteraceae
Tanacetum vulgare, (Chrysanthememum vulgare, C. tanacetum), tansy, bitter buttons, bachelor's buttons, cheese, scented fern, Asteraceae
Taraxacum officinale, dandelion, pepper bush, piss-beds, wet-the-bed, piddley bed garden herb, vegetable, pasture weed, [vegetative reproduction by contractile tuberous roots, stalk cross-sections used to show osmotic pressure and absorbing pressure, stigmas curve back to allow self-fertilization, diuretic herbal remedy], Asteraceae
Tasmania lanceolata, (Drimys lanceolata), mountain pepper, native pepper, Australia, pepper flavouring, Winteraceae
Tecoma stans, trumpet bush, yellow bells, ornamental tree, [use shoot to demonstrate suction pressure], Bignoniaceae
Tecomanthe, tecomanthe, Bignoniaceae
Tecomaria capensis, cape honeysuckle, ornamental tree, Bignoniaceae
Tectona grandis, teak tree, Verbenaceae
Teesdalia, shepards cress, Brassicaceae
Telesonix, brook foam, Saxifragaceae
Telfairia, telfairia, Cucurbitaceae
Tamaulipa, bone set, Asteraceae
Telopea speciosissima, waratah, [floral emblem of the state of New South Wales, large showy flower, follicle], Proteaceae
Tephroseris, groundsel, Asteraceae
Tephrosia, hoary pea, Fabaceae
Terminalia bellirica, myrobalan, tanni, herbal remedy,  India, Combretaceae
Terminalia catappa, terminalia tree, Indian almond, tropical almond, tropical forest tree, Combretaceae
Terminalia chebula, Indian gallnut, chebulic myrobalan, hareetaki, kadukka nut, tropical almond, herbal remedy, India, Combretaceae
Terminalia ferdinandiana, billygoat plum or Kakadu plum, gubinge, murunga, Combretaceae
Terminalia muelleri, Australian almond, Combretaceae
Terminalia myriocarpa, East Indian almond, Combretaceae
Terminalia okari, okari nut tree, Sri Lanka, Combretaceae
Ternstroemia, ternstroemia, Theaceae
Tetradymia, horse brush, Asteraceae
Tetragonia tetragonioides, New Zealand spinach, vegetable, Aizoaceae
Tetragonolobus, tetragonolobus, Fabaceae
Tetragonotheca, nerveray, Asteraceae
Tetraneuris, four-nerve daisy, Asteraceae
Teucrium canadense Canada germander, wall germander, wood sage, herbal remedy, Lamiaceae
Thalictrum, meadow-rue, Ranunculaceae
Thea sinensis, camelia, Theaceae
Thelesperma, green thread, Asteraceae
Thellungiella, salt water cress, Brassicaceae
Thelypodiopsis, tumble mustard, Brassicaceae
Thelypodium, thelypody, Brassicaceae
Theobroma cacao, cocoa, cacao, [theobromine alkaloid], Sterculiaceae
Thermopsis, golden banner, Fabaceae
Thespesia populnea, (Correa), portia tree, thespesia, Malvaceae
Thevetia peruviana, yellow oleander, thevetia, ornamental shrub, hazardous plant, all parts are poisonous, Apocynaceae
Thlaspi, penny cress, Brassicaceae
Thunbergia alata, thunbergia, black-eyed susan, orange clock vine, golden glory, sky flower, Bengal clockvine, ornamental climber, Acanthaceae
Thymophylla, prickly leaf, Asteraceae
Thymus citriodorus, lemon thyme, garden herb, Lamiaceae
Thymus serpyllum, thyme, garden thyme, wild thyme, oil of thyme, herbal remedy, lawn grass, Lamiaceae
Thymus vulgaris, common thyme, thyme, [antiseptic herbal remedy, [produces thymol phenol], Lamiaceae
Thymus X citriodorus, lemon thyme, lemon-scented thyme, Lamiaceae
Thymus caespititius, (T. micans, T. serpyllum), tiny thyme, tufted thyme, Lamiaceae
Thymus capitatus, (Satureja capitata, Thymbra capitata, Coridothymus capitatus), conehead thyme, corido thyme, Cretan thyme, thyme of the ancients, headed savory, Spanish oreganum oil, Israeli oreganum oil, Lamiaceae
Thymus x citriodorus, (T. lanuginosus var. cariodorum, T. serpyllum var. citriodorus, T. Limoneum), Lemon thyme, Lamiaceae
Thymus herba-barona, caraway thyme, Lamiaceae
Thymus mastichina, mastic thyme, Spanish marjoram, Lamiaceae
Thymus praecox, creeping thyme, Lamiaceae
Thymus pulegoides, wild thyme, Dutch tea thyme, Lamiaceae
Thymus quinquecostatus, Japanese thyme, Lamiaceae
Thymus serpyllum, wild thyme, mother-of~thyme, Lamiaceae
Thymus vulgaris, (T. aestivus, T. ilerdensis, T. webbianus, T. valentianus), garden thyme,thyme, French Thyme, red thyme oil, white thyme oil, Lamiaceae
Thymus zygis, (T. sabulicola, T. sylvestris), Spanish sauce thyme, red thyme oil, Lamiaceae
Thysanocarpus, fringe pod, Brassicaceae
Tiarella, foam flower, Saxifragaceae
Tibouchina tibouchina, orchid, [has both sterile and fertile stamens], Orchidaceae
Ticanto, gray nicker, Fabaceae
Tidestromia, honey sweet, Amaranthaceae
Tilia americana, basswood, American linden tree, Tiliaceae
Tilia cordata, small-leaved lime, garden herb, Tiliaceae
Tilia europaea, common lime, garden herb, Tiliaceae
Tilia platyphyllos, large-leaved lime, garden herb Tiliaceae
Tilia X europaea, (T. cordata X T. platyphyllos), European linden tree, common linden tree, tilleul, [sedative herbal remedy], Tiliaceae
Tilia vulgaris, (T. europaea), lime tree, linden tree, lyne, tillet, tilea, bass wood, herbal remedy, [secondary wood shows annual rings with spring wood and summer wood], Tiliaceae
Tiquilia, crinkle mat, Boraginaceae
Tithonia diversifolia, Mexican sunflower, Asteraceae
Tithonia tithonia, ornamental, Asteraceae
Tolmiea, youth on age, Saxifragaceae
Tolpis, umbrella milkwort, Asteraceae
Tonestus, serpent weed, Asteraceae
Toona, toon tree, Australian red cedar, Meliaceae
Tournefortia, soldier bush, Boraginaceae
Townsendia, Townsend daisy, Asteraceae
Toxicodendron radicans, poison ivy, rhus tree "natural lacquer", Anacardiaceae
Toxicodendron vernicifluum, "natural lacquer", Anacardiaceae
Trachelospermum jasminoides, (Rhynchospermum), Chinese star jasmine, ornamental climber, ground cover, Apocynaceae
Trachyspermum copticum, (T. ammi, Carum copticum, C. ajowan, Ptychotis ajowan, Ammi copticum), ajowan, ajuan, omum, [ajowan essential oil], Apiaceae
Tracyina, Indian head dress, Asteraceae
Tragia urticifolia, [twining herb, stinging hairs], Euphorbiaceae
Tragopogon dubius yellow salsify, Asteraceae
Tragopogon porrifolius, salsify, goat's beard, noon flower, jack-go-to-bed-at-noon, vegetable oyster plant, gladwin, vegetable, Asteraceae
Trapa natans water chestnut, water calthrop, aquatic plant, Trapaceae
Trautvetteria, bugbane, Ranunculaceae
Trematolobelia, false lobelia, Campanulaceae
Trewia nudiflora, trewia tree, India, Euphorbiaceae
Triadenum, marsh St. Johns wort, Clusiaceae
Trianthema, trianthema, Aizoaceae
Tribulus terrestris, puncture vine, devil's thorn, calthrop,  ("goathead fruit"), invasive noxious weed,  may increase male libido, Zygophyllaceae
Trichocereus pachanoi, (T. peruvianus), San Pedro cactus, [mescaline alkaloid], Cactaceae
Trichocoronis, bug heal, Asteraceae
Trichosanthes cucumerina, snake gourd, Cucurbitaceae
Trichostigma, alpine club rush, Phytolaccaceae
Trientalis, chickweed wintergreen, star flower, herbal remedy, Primulaceae
Trifolium, clover, [lamina divided into leaflets joined at common point], Fabaceae
Trifolium pratense, red clover, herbal remedy, Fabaceae
Trifolium repens, white clover, [many small flowers aggregated to form a head], Fabaceae
Trifolium subterraneum subterranean, clover, "sub clover", weed, Europe but pasture plant, Australia, [after fertilization fruit grows downward into soil], Fabaceae
Trigonella foenum-graecum, fenugreek, Fabaceae
Triodanis, Venus' looking-glass, Campanulaceae
Trigonella foenum-graecum, trigonella, fenugreek, Greek hayes, [food flavour, herbal remedy], Fabaceae
Triosteum, horse-gentian, Caprifoliaceae
Tripleurospermum, may weed, Asteraceae
Tripolium, sea aster, Asteraceae
Tripterocalyx, sand puffs, Nyctaginaceae
Tristania conferta, brush box, [timber tree, common ornamental street tree in Sydney], Myrtaceae
Triumfetta, triumfetta, Tiliaceae
Trixis, threefold, Asteraceae
Trollius g,lobeflower, Ranunculaceae
Tropaeolum majus, nasturtium, garden herb, Tropaeolaceae
Tropaeolum minus, nasturtium, garden herb, Tropaeolaceae
Tropaeolum polyphyllum, nasturtium, "nose-twister", anu, canary creeper, flame creeper, herbal remedy, natural antibiotic, ornamental, [this "nasturtium" is not related to Nasturtium, peltate lamina, hydathodes, modified hairs on lower surface of leaf], Tropaeolaceae
Triphysaria, owl's-clover, Scrophulariaceae
Turnera diffusa, (T. aphrodisiaca), damiana, Turneraceae
Tussilago, colt's foot, cough-wort, herbal remedy, Asteraceae
Tynanthus, tynanthus Bignoniaceae
U.
Ulex europaeus, common gorse, furze, Ulex gorse, Fabaceae
Ullucus tuberosus, ullucus, ullucu, tuber food crop, high Andes, Basellaceae
Ulmus glabra, wych elm, scotch elm, Ulmaceae
Ulmus procera, elm tree, English elm, slippery elm, herbal remedy, Ulmaceae
Ulmus fulva, slippery elm, Ulmaceae
Ulmus rubra, slippery elm, Ulmaceae
Umbellularia californica, headache tree, california bay tree, oregon myrtle, [crushed leaves give temporary headache, also traditional headache cure], Lauraceae
Umbilicus, kidney wort, navel wort, wall pennyroyal, pennywort, herbal remedy, Crassulaceae,
Uncaria tomentosa, cat's claw, una de gato, South America, [tryptophan, seratonin], Rubiaceae
Urena lobata, urena, aramina, cadillo, [fibres for coffee sacks], Malvaceae
Urtica dioica, stinging nettle, common nettle, herbal remedy, [stinging hairs and strongly toothed ovate leaves, circulatory stimulant], Urticaceae
Urtica urens, nettle, herbal remedy, Urticaceae
Utricularia vulgaris, bladderwort, [carnivorous parasite], Lentibulariaceae
V.
Vaccaria, soap wort, Caryophyllaceae
Vaccinium corymbosum, highbush blueberry, Ericaceae
Vaccinium myrtillus, bilberry, blueberry, cranberry, huckleberry, whortleberry, USA and Europe, [dwarf shrub, herbal remedy rich in flavonoids], Ericaceae
Vaccinium vitis-idaea, lingonberry, Ericaceae
Valeriana officinalis, valerian, allheal, Hercules wound-wort, herbal remedy, [sedative medicine, amino acid valine], Valerianaceae
Valerianella, corn salad, Valerianaceae
Valeriana fauriei, (V. officinalis var. angustifolia, var. latifolia), valerian, European v., Belgian v., fragrant v., Japanese v., kesso root, Valerianaceae
Valeriana wallichii, Indian valerian, Valerianaceae
Vateria, vateria, Dipterocarpaceae
Vauquelinia corymbosa, slimleaf rosewood, Rosaceae
Velezia, velezia, Caryophyllaceae
Veltheimia bracteata, forest lily, South Africa, Hyacinthaceae
Verbascum thapsus, mullein, great mullein, [used as a divining rod], herbal remedy, Scrophulariaceae
Verbena officinalis, vervain, herba sacra, [divine weed, holy herb], Juno's tears, pigeons' grass, simpler's joy, popular medicine and stimulant, Verbenaceae
Verbesina encelioides, crown beard, stock poison, weed, Asteraceae
Vernonia, iron weed, Asteraceae
Veronica, bird's eye, speedwell, ornamental, Scrophulariaceae
Viburnum opulus, guelder roes, cramp bark, herbal remedy, Caprifoliaceae
Viburnum prunifolium, blackhaw, herbal remedy, Caprifoliaceae
Vicia faba, broad bean, vetch, tare, [ink equidistant marks on the radicle to find zones of elongation], Fabaceae
Vicia villosa, woolly pod vetch, pasture legume, Fabaceae
Victoria amazonica, giant lily, royal water lily, South America, [huge floating leaves, nocturnal flowers, largest known water lily], Nymphaeaceae
Vigna radiata, (Phaseolus aureus), mung bean, green bean, green gram, moong dal, Fabaceae
Vigna unguiculata, cowpea, black-eye pea, southern bean, China pea, Kaffir pea, marble pea, Fabaceae
Viguiera, golden eye, Asteraceae
Vinca major, greater periwinkle, pink periwinkle, [poisonous], herbal remedy, Apocynaceae
Vinca minor, herbal remedy, Apocynaceae
Viola alba, Parma violet, Violaceae
Viola arvensis, pansy, (pansy from French: penser to think, because flowers have a thinking "face"), European field pansy, Violaceae
Viola hederacea, native violet, groundcover, Violaceae
Viola odorata, sweet violet, English violet, garden violet, blue violet, Violaceae
Viola riviniana, dog violet, [can change, cross-fertilization to self-fertilization], Violaceae
Viola suavis, Russian violet, Violaceae
Viola tricolor, heartsease, pansy, love-in-idleness, herbal remedy, [love potion], Violaceae
Viscum album, mistletoe, European mistletoe, [leafy shrub parasite], herbal remedy, Viscaceae
Viscum articulatum, [leafless parasite with flattened green stems], Viscaceae
Vitellaria paradoxa, shea butter tree, West Africa, produces shea butter for cooking, hairdressing, soap, candles, Sapotaceae
Vitex agnus-castus, chaste tree, [Latin: Agnus castus - chaste lamb], Abraham's balm, monk's pepper tree, hemp tree, herbal remedy, [supposed anaphrodisiac in men], Verbenaceae
Vitex negundo, five-leaved chaste tree, nirgundi, herbal remedy, India, Verbenaceae
Vitis vinifera, common grape vine, Vitaceae
Voyria parasitica, ghost plant, parasite, no chlorophyll, Gentianaceae
W.
Wallenia, jacanillo, Myrsinaceae
Waltheria, waltheria, Sterculiaceae
Warea, pineland cress, Brassicaceae
Waterhousea floribunda, weeping lillypilly, weeping habit, garden tree, Myrtaceae
Wedelia, creeping ox eye, Asteraceae
Wilkesia, iliau Asteraceae
Wisteria floribunda "Macrobotrys", wisteria, (named after Caspar Wistar), Fabaceae
Wisteria sinensis, wisteria, wistaria, China, [pinnate leaves, lilac-purple flowers], Fabaceae
Withania somnifera, withania, herbal remedy, Solanaceae
Woodfordia fructicosa, (W. floribunda), woodfordia, fire flame bush, dhataki, herbal remedy, India, Lythraceae
Wyethia, mule-ears, Asteraceae
X.
Xanthisma, sleepy daisy, Asteraceae
Xanthium chinense, Noogoora burr, weed, [wind pollinated], Asteraceae
Xanthium, cockle bur, Asteraceae
Xanthium spinosum, Bathust burr, weed, [wind pollinated], Asteraceae
Xanthorhiza, yellow root, Ranunculaceae
Xanthosoma violaceum, elephant ear, skin and eye irritant from needle crystals of calcium oxalate
Xenostegia, morning vine, Convolvulaceae
Xylococcus, mission manzanita, Epacridaceae
Xylomelum occidentale, woody pear, Australia, [large woody pear-shaped seed capsules, winged seeds], Proteaceae
Xylorhiza, woody aster, Asteraceae
Xylothamia, desert golden rod, Asteraceae
Y.
Yavia cryptocarpa, cryptocarp so fruits hidden in plant body, Argentina, Cactaceae
Yeatesia, small bract spike, Acanthaceae
Yermo, desert yellow head, Asteraceae
Z.
Zanthoxylum alatum, tomarseed, Rutaceae
Zanthoxylum americanum, prickly ash, herbal remedy, herbal remedy, Rutaceae
Zanthoxylum piperitum, prickly ash, san-sho, Rutaceae
Zanthoxylum rhetsa, (Z. bodrunga), mulilam, Rutaceae
Zanthoxylum schinifolium, (Z. mantchuricum), pepperbush, Rutaceae
Zanthoxylum simulans, (Z. bungei), Chinese pepper, Szechuan pepper, Rutaceae
Zapoteca, white stick pea, Fabaceae
Zenobia, honey cup, Epacridaceae
Zigadenus glaberrimus, (monotypic) sandbog death camas, Melanthiaceae
Zinnia, zinnia, youth-and-old- age, Mexico and South America, ornamental, Asteraceae
Zyzyphus mauritania, (Z. jujuba), Indian jujube, jujube, Chinese date, lote bush, Greek lotus, [gum arabic, fresh and dried or candied fruit], Ramnaceae
Zygadenus nuttallii, death camas, star lily, Liliaceae
Zygadenus paniculatus, foothill death camas, Liliaceae
Zygadenus venenosus, meadow death camas, poison sego lily, Liliaceae
Zygopetalum, orchid, [petals and sepals usually green and spotted], Orchidaceae