topicIndexN

School Science Lessons
Chemistry index and minerals N
2012-05-20 SP
Please send comments to: J.Elfick@uq.edu.au

Table of contents
| 1,2,3 | A | B | C | DEF | GH | IJK | L | M | N | O | P | QR | S | T to Z |

Index, items N
1-naphthol, C₁₀H₇OH, α-naphthol, 1-hydroxynaphthalene, naphthalene-1-ol, Toxic if ingested, may form carcinogenic compounds
1-naphthylamine, C₁₀H₇NH₂, α-naphthylamine, naphthalene-1-amine, unpleasant smell, Extremely toxic, Not permitted in schools
1-nitronaphthalene, Highly toxic by all routes, Not permitted in schools
2-naphthol, C₁₀H₇OH, beta-naphthol, 2-hydroxynaphthalene, toxic if ingested, reactions may form carcinogenic compounds
2-naphthol, Solution < 25% Not hazardous, but do not ingest
2-naphthylamine, C₁₀H₇NH₂, beta-naphthylamine, naphthalene-2-amine, possible carcinogen, in cigarette smoke, Extremely toxic, Not permitted in schools
2-nitronaphthalene, Highly toxic by all routes, Not permitted in schools
2-nitrophenol, o-nitrophenol, C₂H₄NO₂OH, Highly toxic by all routes, explosive when heated
2-nitrotoluene, o-nitrotoluene, Toxic by all routes, may explode when heated
2-nitrotoluene, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous
4-nitrobiphenyl, 4-nitrodiphenyl, highly toxic by all routes, Not permitted in schools
4-nitrophenol, p-nitrophenol, Highly toxic by all routes, explosive when heated
4-nitrophenol, Solution < 25%, Not hazardous but should not be ingested
4-nitrosphenol, nitrophenol, Toxic by all routes, Not permitted in schools
4-nitrotoluene, p-notrotoluene, Highly toxic by all routes, may explode when heated
4-nitrotoluene, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous
n-propyl
n-propyl alcohol, p-propyl alcohol, n-propyl carbinol
n-phenylethanamide, acetanilide, n-phenylacetanilide
Nacre, mother of pearl: 35.20.54
Naled, organophosphate insecticide: 16.13.4.4
Names, correct names of chemicals, chemical safety: 3.4.1
Napalm: 7.9.40
Naphtha, (mixture of C4 to C10 alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons), photographic film cleaner, paint thinner, Highly toxic by all routes, Highly flammable
Naphtha, (ligroin), processed to make gasoline, (fractional distillation): 16.1.12.2
Naphthalene-2-ol
Naphthalene black, 4-methyl cinnamic acid, Stain and dyestuff, Toxic if ingested
Naphthalene, "moth balls"
Naphthols: 16.1.3.2.2
Naphthylamine, 1-naphthylamine, C₁₀H₇NH₂, α-naphthylamine, Extremely toxic, possible carcinogen, Not permitted in schools
Natamycin, C₃₃H₄₇NO₁₃, pimaricin, from Streptomyces natalensis, food additive E235, anti-fungal mould inhibitor
Natron, mainly sodium carbonate decahydrate, Na₂CO₃.10H₂O, (+ some NaHCO₃ + NaCl), in saline lake beds, used in Egyptian mummies
Natural emulsifier, egg yolk, Phospholipids, (phosphoglycerides): 16.3.3.0.1
Natural fibres, Tests for plastics, natural fibres and synthetic fibres: 3.102
Natural gas
Natural gas (Methane)
Natural polyamides include hair, silk and wool.
Natural polymers: 3.4.1.0
Natural rubber, Polyisoprenes, isoprene
Natural steroids, Steroids, sterols, steroid alcohols: 16.3.5.3
Neatsfoot oil, from boiled cattle hooves used as a leather conditioner for saddles, boots, baseball gloves, ("neat " is old word for cattle)
Nelson cell, Electrolysis of concentrated sodium chloride solution, Nelson cell: 15.5.13
Neodymium, Nd, Table of the elements (in green laser pointers, wind turbines, electric cars, with Fe and B used to make very strong performance magnets)
Neomycin
Neon
Neoprene plastic, polychloroprene: 3.7.12
Nephrite jade (See 37.17.0 Hornblende)
Neptunium, Np, Table of the elements
Nessler's reagent, Highly toxic if ingested, Tests for ammonium radical, NH₄⁺,
free and combined ammonia: 12.11.3.10.2
Network solids: 3.01.4
Neutral red, (acid-base indicator, 2.7), (0.1%), C.I. Red Base 5, toluidine red, Toxic if ingested, microscopy stain: 3.20
Neutral red, pH < 6.8 to yellow pH > 8.0, amino dimethyl amino toluminozine, Quantity of indicator per 10 mL: 2.7
Neutral oxides, Oxides, acidic, basic, amphoteric, neutral and mixed oxides: 12.17.0
Neutralization, acid with base forms a salt and water: 12.8.0
Neutralization, heat of a neutralization reaction: 3.82
New equipment, unpack, check and sort new equipment: 2.8
Niacin, nicotinic acid
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Reactions of nickel compounds
Niccolite, nickoline, arsenical nickel, NiAs (Geology)
Nicotine, C₁₀H₁₄N_2, pyridine alkaloid, colourless, poisonous and addictive, in tobacco leaves
Nicotine, tests for harmful substances in cigarette smoke: 19.2.28
Nicotine, tobacco smoking and chewing, abuse of volatile substances: 11.11.16
Nicotinic acid
Ninhydrin, indanetrione hydrate, Toxic by all routes,
Ninhydrin, Separate amino acids with paper chromatography: 10.2.2.5
Ninhydrin, Test for proteins or amino acids, forms characteristic blue colour on heating
Niobium, Nb, Table of the elements
Nipagin A, propyl paraben, sodium salt, sensitizer, (food preservative against fungi),
Nipagin A, Parabens: 16.3.4.0.12
Nipagin B, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, (anti-fungal agent), Parabens: 16.3.4.0.12
Nitramine
Nitrates, List of nitrates: 1.19
Nitro, -NO₂
Nitrobenzene, C₆H₅NO₂, oil of mirhan, aromatic nitro compounds: 16.3.4.0.2
Nitrogen gas, N₂: 13.1.24
Nitrogen experiments: 12.11.0
Nitrogen compounds
Nitrates, nitrites
Nitric acid
Nitrous acid
Nobelium, No, Table of the elements
Noble gases, (inert gases or rare gases) He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn-222: Group 18
Non-metals
Non-Newtonian fluids: 13.6.0
Non-polar covalent bonds (coordinate covalent bonds), Covalent bonds: 3.01.2 (See 1.)
Norfloxacin hydrochloride
Normal saline, physiological saline: 5.1.10
Normal solution, normality: 5.1.9
Not permitted in schools, chemicals: 15.10.0
NOx, acid rain, nitrogen oxides, (NOx), and acid rain: 3.48
NPK Straight fertilizers and mixed fertilizers: 6.9.17.1
NPK grade formula: 6.20.01
NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, e.g. aspirin
Nucleation: 24.1.01
Nucleic acids, nucleosides, DNA, RNA: 16.3.2.8
Nucleic acids, structure of DNA and RNA: 4.4.0
Nutrient agar
Nutrient broth
Nutrient gelatine
Nutrients in food: 19.3.6.13
Nylon

Naphthalene, C₁₀H₈
Burn mothballs: 12.8.2
Evaporate mothballs: 12.8.1
Melting points of naphthalene: 3.2
Naphthalene aromatics, aromatic compounds, arenes: benzene, toluene, naphthalene: 16.3.4.0
Naphthalene, thermal decomposition: 3.30.12
Prepare naphthalene crystals with mothballs: 12.8.3
Reactions of dilute acids with sodium hydrogen carbonate: 12.3.10.0

Neon, Table of the elements
Atomic energy level diagram for a neon atom: See Fig. 11
Discharge of capacitor using a neon tube: 38.1.10
Electric light bulb (incandescent filament lamp): 4.65
Electrophorus: 31.1.8.1
Equivalent resistance, series and parallel: 33.6.7
Fluorescent lamp: 4.118
Neon relaxation oscillator, blinking neon bulb: 31.8.4.4
Properties of neon: 7.2.2.29
Rochelle salt crystals, piezoelectric, hysteresis: 4.1.2.1
Spectroscope for materials analysis, shoe box spectroscope: 36.101
SVP, Saturation Vapour Pressure: SVP (See Neon)

Nickel, Ni, powder is toxic by inhalation, especially for pregnant women, keep wet to avoid ignition
Nickel, Ni, Table of the elements
Nickel, Ni, mineral, (Geology)
Ni-Al alloy
Nickel-iron cell, Edison cell, NIFE cell, secondary cell
Nickel properties: 7.2.2.30
Nickel: 35.20.29 (Geology)
Nickel / cadmium battery, "NiCad" battery: 15.6.14
Nickel-cadmium cell, NiCad cell, secondary cell
Nickel plating, electroplating: 15.1.4
Nickel toxicity: 3.6.11
Deficiency symptoms and fertilizing the soil: 5.35.1 (See 13. Nickel)
Tests for nickel, dimethylglyoxime test: 12.11.3.10.17

Nickel compounds, most nickel salts are sensitizers
Reactions of nickel compounds, Ni: 12.9.4
Millerite, NiS: 35.20.27 (Geology)
Nickel (II) acetate tetrahydrate
Nickel (II) bromide
Nickel (II) carbonate, basic hydrate, nickel carbonate pigment, Toxic if ingested, allergic reaction, use only < 2g of wet solid
Nickel (II) chloride, nickel chloride pigment, Toxic if ingested, carcinogenic, allergic reaction, use only < 2 mL of 0.1 M solution
Nickel (II) chloride-6-water, NiCl₂.6H₂O, nickel (II) chloride hydrated, green crystals, nickel chloride, nickel chloride AAS Solution
Nickel (II) chloride, nickel chloride, For 0.1 M soln., 24 g in 1 L water
Nickel (II) nitrate, nickel nitrate, Toxic if ingested, allergic reaction, use < 2 mL of 0.1M per activity, explosive with organics
Nickel (II) oxide, nickel oxide pigment, green glaze for craft, Highly toxic if ingested, carcinogenic to lungs
Nickel (II) sulfate, NiSO₄.6H₂O, nickel (II) sulfate heptahydrate, Toxic if ingested, allergic
Nickel (II) sulfate, nickel sulfate, green crystals, blue salts
Nickel (III) oxide, black glaze, for craft
Nickel-cadmium hydride, battery
Nickel-metal hydride, (NiMH), battery
Nickel boride
Nickel nitrate AAS Solution
Niccolite, nickoline, NiAs, Arsenical nickel: 35.20.30 (Geology)
Nichrome wire, 32 SWG, bare, 0.274 mm diameter, 18.4. Ohm / m

Nicotinic acid, C₅H₄NCOOH, pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, niacin, in vitamin B complex (vitamin B3),
(absence causes disease pellagra)
Nicotinic acid, niacin, E375 (in legumes, milk, eggs): See diagram 16.3.4.4
Nicotinic acid, niacin, Freezing, thawing and cold storage: 19.3.6.06

Nitrates, Nitrites
Brown ring test for nitrates: 12.11.2.1
Nitrates, hazards: 3.7.10
Nitrates, Heat nitrates: 8.3.3
Nitrates, Decomposition of nitrates: 3.30.4
Nitrates, List of nitrates: 1.19
Nitrates, Reactions of nitrates: 12.11.2
Nitrates, Reduce nitrate to ammonia: 12.11.2.2
Nitrates, Tests for nitrates: 12.11.5.13
Nitration (of arenes): 16.1.1.1c
Nitrites, (NO₂^-, dioxonitrate ion, salts or esters of nitrous acid, O=NOH), Nitrites group: (-C=N), suffix: -nitrite: 16.2.4.5
Nitrites, Reactions of nitrites: 12.11.1

Nitric acid, HNO₃, aqua fortis, spirits of nitre: 12.5.0
Nitric acid, concentrated, 16M, 95%, 130 mL of concentrated solution for 1 litre of 2 M solution.
Nitric acid, > 16 M (70%), fuming nitric acid (95%), Highly toxic by all routes, explosive mixture with alcohols and other organic, Highly corrosive (COR 2031), skin irritant, use in fume cupboard or small quantity in well-ventilated area
Nitric acid corrosive if left on clothes.
Nitric acid, Neutralize spilled acid with with dilute ammonia solution, then test part affected with red litmus paper until it turns blue.
Nitric acid, < 16 M (70%), > 4M (24%), concentrated nitric acid (68%) Highly toxic and hazards as above,
Nitric acid, > 4M (24%), >2 M (1%), corrosive and skin irritant, dilute solutions < 1% only, Harmful if ingested
Nitric acid, < 0.2m (1%), Not hazardous
Nitric acid, Etchants: 7.9.20.1
Nitric acid itself formerly made from sodium nitrate, but is now manufactured from the nitrogen of the air.
Acid-base neutralization, acid with base forms a salt and water: 12.8.0
Acids with salts: 12.3.15
Concentrated acids with metals, nitric acid with copper: 12.3.12
Concentrated acids with non-metals, carbon, sulfur: 12.3.14
Concentrated nitric acid as an oxidizing agent: 15.2.5
Conservation of mass in a cycle of copper reactions, the copper cycle experiment: 12.1.3
Copper in brass alloy: 5.5.3
Dilute acids with alkalis: 5.3.0.1
Dilute acids with basic oxides (metal oxides), copper (II) oxide: 12.3.5
Dilute acids with carbonates, common carbonates: 12.3.9.0
Dilute acids with sodium hydroxide: 12.3.7.1
Dilute hydrochloric acid with sodium carbonate: 12.3.9.2
Dilute nitric acid with copper: 12.3.11.0
Dilute nitric acid forms carbon dioxide from carbonates and bicarbonates: 12.3.15
Dilute nitric acid with metals: 12.3.13
Dilute nitric acid with metal oxides: 12.3.14
Group tests instructions: 12.11.7.0
Hydrogen peroxide acts as a reducing agent: 12.12.5
Nitric acid: 12.5.0
Nitric acid with metals: 12.3.11.1
Prepare dilute acids and bases: 3.4.3
Prepare nitric acid, sulfuric acid with sodium nitrate: 12.5.1
Prepare nitrogen dioxide, {nitrogen (IV) oxide, NO₂}: 3.47
Properties of acids: 12.3.0
Reactions of the nitrites, NO₂^-:12.11.1
Reactions of the nitrates, NO₃^-: 12.11.2
Prepare oxides by indirect oxidation, O2^-: 12.12.2
Prepare sodium nitrate crystals by neutralization: 12.1.16
Strong acids and weak acids: 12.3.0.3
Solubility tests, prepare a solution for group analysis: 12.11.3.3
Separation into groups (Group tests for metallic radicals): 12.11.6.3
Tests for zinc, cobalt nitrate test: 12.11.3.10.23
Toxicity, Poisons and First Aid (See Nitric acid): 3.10.0

Nitrogen compounds
Acid rain and nitrogen oxides, NO_x:3.48
Ammonia and the ammonium ion, NH_3,NH₄⁺: 12.11.3
Chemical fertilizers: 6.9.17.0
Nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide), NO: 3.44.0
Nitric oxide, Prepare nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide, NO): 3.44
Nitric oxide, Catalytic conversion of nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide): 3.44.1
Nitrile butadiene rubber, NBR, (chemical composition uncertain), resistant to oil and chemicals, do not use gloves with fuming conc. nitric acid
Nitriles, -CN, RC = -N (cyano group, cyanides, cyanide ion, CN^-),
Nitriles, acid nitriles, alkyl cyanides: 16.2.4.2
Nitro, -NO₂
Nitroalkanes, (nitroparaffins), (C_nH_2n+1NO₂): 16.2.4.4
Nitrogen compounds, one atom of nitrogen: 16.2.4
Nitrogen compounds, two or more nitrogen atoms: 16.2.5
Nitrobarite, barium nitrate
Nitrogen dioxide, NO₂, nitrogen (IV) oxide, dinitrogen tetroxide: 13.1.23
Nitrogen dioxide, Prepare nitrogen dioxide, NO₂, nitrogen (IV) oxide: 3.47
Nitrogen dioxide, Pass nitrogen dioxide through water: 3.47.1
Nitrogen gas generated in a motor car airbag, sodium azide, NaN₃: 13.9.3
Nitrogen monoxide, (nitric oxide), NO: 13.1.25
Nitrogen oxides, Acid rain and nitrogen oxides, NO_x: 3.48
Nitrogen triiodide: 13.1.22.1
Nitroglycerine (UK), nitroglycerin (USA), Explosive if dry, Not permitted in schools: 16.1.3.0.3
Nitroso-beta-naphthol, 1-nitroso-2-naphthol, C₁₀H₇NO₂, Tests for cobalt: 12.11.3.10.10
Nitrosamines (See 9.): 12.11.1

Nitrous acid: 12.7.0
Nitrous oxide, Prepare nitrous oxide (dinitrogen oxide, N₂O): 3.45
Nitrous oxide (dinitrogen monoxide), N₂O: 13.1.27
Nitrous acid as an oxidizing agent or a reducing agent: 15.2.5.1
Reactions of urea with nitrous acid: 16.6.15
Nitrites, (NO₂^-, dioxonitrate ion, salts or esters of nitrous acid, O=NOH), Nitrites group: (-C=N), suffix: -nitrite: 16.2.4.5

Non-metals
Metals, non-metals, transition metals: 7.3.0
Non-metal oxides (acidic oxides), carbon dioxide: 12.17.3
Non-metals: Table of the elements
Dilute acids with non-metals, carbon, sulfur: 12.3.4
Properties of non-metals: 7.3.2
Reactions of non-metals with water: 12.15.5.0

Nylon: 3.7.6.1
Nylon thread, 0.4 mm
Nylon, Burning test, easy to ignite and forms a clear melt, blue flame with a yellow tip, does not burn after removing flame, burnt vegetation smell
Aramids, plastic, nylon 6,6, (C₁₂H₂₆N₂O₄)n, Prepare nylon polymer, (1, 6-diaminohexane): 3.4.7
Tests for plastics, natural fibres and synthetic fibres: 3.102
Electrophorus: 31.1.8.1 (See 3.)
Electrostatic series, Positive polarity, 10. Nylon stocking: 31.1.02
Polyamides, Dacron, Terylene, Nylon, Perlon, Natural polyamides, 3.7.6