School Science Lessons
Chemistry index and minerals A
2012-05-17 SP
Please send comments to: J.Elfick@uq.edu.au
Table of contents
| 1,2,3 | A | B | C | DEF | GH | IJK | L | M | N | O | P | QR | S | T to Z |
Index, items A
1-aminopropane, n-propyl amine, aminopropane, C3H9N
2-aminopentanedioic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, HOOC-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
4-aminophenol, HO.C6H4.NH2
Abbreviations: 1.0
Abietic acid, C20H30O2, main component of gum rosin, colophony, Greek pitch, on violin bows and ballet shoes
ABS, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene, thermoset plastics: 3.7.5.1
Absolute alcohol, ethanol, ethyl alcohol
Absolute zero, Temperature: 6.3.1.5.0 (See 3.)
Abundance of elements, Composition of the Earth's crust: 36.3.01
Abundance of elements, Composition of the Sun: 36.3.02
Abuse of volatile substances, inhalants: 11.11.01
Acaricides: 16.13.5
Acetals, (alcohol + aldehyde), RCH(OR')2: 16.1.3.8
Acetamide
Acetate polymer, Generic name for fibres from cellulose acetate, CA: 3.5.8
Acetic acid (ethanoic acid), CH3COOH
Actinoids (actinide series) atomic numbers 90 Th* to 103 Lw, period 7a
Actinolite, Ca2(Mg, Fe2+)5(Si8O22)(OH, F)2, See: Hornblende: 35.17.0
Accumulator electrolyte, Lead accumulator cell, lead-acid rechargeable battery: 3.87
Accuracy and error: 3.3.1.0
Acephate insecticide: 16.13.4.1
Acesulfame-K, C4H4KNO4S, E950, artificial sweetener
Acetal, 1, 1-diethoxy ethane, CH3CH(OC2H5)2, colourless flammable solvent
Acetals, RCH(OR')2, R and R'= organic radicals and R may be hydrogen
Acetaldehyde, C2H4O, ethanal, Highly flammable
Acetals (alcohol + aldehyde), RCH(OR')2: 16.1.3.8
Acetamide, CH3CONH2, ethanamide, Toxic if ingested
Acetaminophen, C8H9O2, (paracetemol, Tylenol) relieves pain and fever: 11.11.6
Acetates, CH3COO-, ethanoates
Acetic acid, CH3COOH, ethanoic acid, vinegar, photographic stop bath, Toxic if ingested, Irritant vapour
Acetic alcohol, biology fixative: 3.1
Acetic anhydride, (CH3CO)2O, ethanoic anhydride, acetic acid anhydride, acetyl oxide, acetic oxide, Strong respiratory irritant
Acetic anhydride, Use < 25 mL or g in a fume cupboard or a well-ventilated area.
Acetic anhydride, Solution < 8%, Not hazardous, i.e. 8% acetic acid
Aceto-alcohol, biology fixative: 4.1
Aceto-orcein stain, acetic orcein, ethanoic orcein, (stains chromosomes and nuclei crimson, cytoplasm pink), Harmful if ingested: 3.2
Acetocarmine, microscopy stain: 3.3
Acetone, CH3COCH3, O=C(CH3)2, (2-propanone, dimethyl ketone), Harmful, highly flammable
Acetonitrile, CH3CN, simplest organic nitrile, Toxic if ingested
Acetonitrile, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous
Acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, C9H8O4, acetyl salicyclic acid, Harmful if ingested long-term
Acetyl chloride, CH3COCl, ethanoyl chloride, acyl chloride, (low flash point, below 32oC), Toxic by all routes
Acyl halides: 16.1.5.5
Acetylcholine, C7NH16O+,  neurotransmitter, action blocked by atropine and curare (poison-tipped arrows)
Acetylene, C2H2, H−C≡C−H, ethyne
Acetylides, carbides, (C4-), e.g. aluminium carbide Al4C3, calcium acetylide CaC2, cementite Fe3C
Acetyls, CH3CO-, ethanoyl
Acetylsalicyclic acid, aspirin, Harmful if ingested long-term
Acid
Acidic oxides
Acidity
Acids
Acids with:
Acidulated water (cooking): 19.1.0.6
Acridine, C13H9N, Toxic if ingested and skin contact
Acridine Orange (basic), (CI. 46005), Acridine Orange (CI.22657), 3, 6-dimethylaminoacridine, stains nucleic acid
Acriflavine, C14H14ClN2, orange-brown, dye and antiseptic
Acrilan, (trade name), polyacrylonitrile, PAN, thermoplastic polymer, synthetic fibre, polyacrylic: 3.7.5
Activity series, Reactivity series of metals as reducing agents: 12.14.0
Acroleic acid, acrylic acid, CH2CHCO2H
Acrolein
Acronitriles, C3H3N, acrylics, (plastics), vinyl cyanide, cyanoethylene, propenenitrile, Toxic, Highly flammable
Acrylamide, C3H5NO, acrylic amide, 2-propenamide, ethylene carboxamide, vinyl amide, Toxic if ingested: 16.1.5.6.1
Acrylic acid, propenoic acid, CH2CHCOOH, synthetic fibre, acrylic resins, "acrylics": 3.4.2.8.1
Acrylic glass, arcrylic resin, Polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA, e.g. Plexiglass, Perspex, Lucite
Actinium, Ac, Table of the elements
Actinoids, (actinide series): Table 1
Actinolite: 35.14.1, (See 4.)
Activated carbon, activated charcoal (charcoal activated), (commercial information): 11.0
Activated complex with cobalt (II) chloride as catalyst: 17.3.6
Activation energy. Rates of reaction: 17.1.0
Activity series, Reactivity series of metals as reducing agents: 12.14.0
Acyclic hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes: 16.1.1
Acyl halides, acid halides, [acyl RCO, suffix -oyl)]: 16.1.5.5
Adding chemicals to a reaction or container, Handling and transferring chemicals: 3.4.10
Addition polymers, addition polymerization: 3.4.2
Addition reactions (organic chemistry): 16.1.01
Additives that may cause problems to children: 19.4.4.3
Adenine, DNA and RNA: 4.4.0 (See 3.)
Adenosine
Adhesion, forces of adhesion, Hydrogen bonds: 3.01.3
Adhesive, casein adhesive, Prepare plastic from milk casein: 3.100 (See 1.)
Adhesives, List of adhesives: 1.3
Adhesives, Glues and pastes, adhesives: 9.0
Adiabatic change, Thermodynamics, isothermal change: 20.4.0
Adiabatic processes: 23.11.0
Adipic acid, HOOC(CH2)4COOH, (CH2)4(COOH)2, hexandioic acid, Harmful if ingested
Adipyl chloride, C6H8Cl2O2, adipoyl chloride, hexanedioly dichloride, Toxic by all routes
ADP, adenosine diphosphate, ATP, adenosine triphosphate: 6.6.1.1
Adrenaline, (epinephrine), Phenethylamine group: 16.3.6.2.7
Adrenaline, Toxicity, Poisons and First Aid: 3.10.0 (See: adrenalin)
Aerobic: 7.9.2
Aerogel, silicon alkoxides, silica aerogel: See pdf
Aerosols (fogs): 7.8.2.0
Aesculin (escalin): 16.3.5.1
Aflotoxin, C15H12O6: 16.3.2.7
Agar
Agate, Quartz, silica, SiO2
Agent orange, Dioxins: 16.14.0
Air, composition of the atmosphere and greenhouse gases: 3.32.1
Air, Moisture comes out of the air: 37.25.0
Air, Moisture gets into the air: 37.15.0
Air pollution, burning refuse
Air pressure, Atmospheric pressure: 12.3.0
Alabaster: 35.22.6.1
Albite, sodium feldspar, Na(AlSi3O8)
Alanine, Ala, L-alanine, Table of the 20 α-amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2 (See 1.)
Albendazole, C12H15N3O2S, (a carbamate), worm parasite medicine
Albumen (egg white) and egg yolk: 19.2.10
Albumin
Albustix, Tests for proteins, albustix test strips: 16.6.8
Alcoholic fermentation: 6.6.18
Alcohols, R-OH, -OH hydroxyl, Prefix: hydroxy-, Suffix: -ol (-OH: alcohol), (alkanol, alkyl alcohol)
Alcohols, List of alcohols: 1.4
Alcohols: 16.1.3.0
Aldehydes, ketones, quinones, Aldehydes group: -CHO, Suffix: -al: 16.3.1.0
Aldehydes, List of aldehydes, -CHO, suffix -al: 1.5
Alditols, Polyhydric alcohols, mannitol: 16.3.2.3
Aldrin C12H8Cl6, insecticide banned in most countries, organochlorine insecticides: 16.13.4
Alginate polymer: 3.4.12
Alginic acid, (alginate, algin, (C6H8O6), anionic polysaccharide, from brown algae, "Sphereification" 19.3.6
Aliphatic, acyclic hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes: 16.1.1
Aliphatic products: 16.3.1
Aliquot: 7.9.3
Acetocarmine, microscopy stain: 3.3.0
Alizarin red: 3.3.1
Alizarin yellow: 3.3.2
Alizarin, 1, 2-dihydroxyanthroquinone, Harmful, (aluminium ion indicator)
Alizarin red: 3.3.1
Alizarin yellow: 3.3.2
Alizarin red
Alizarin yellow
Alka-Seltzer (trade name), mainly sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium carbonate), citric acid, aspirin
Alkali
Alkaloid
Alkanals, Aldehydes, alkanals (aliphatic aldehydes, RCHO), ketones, quinones: 16.3.1a
Alkane, R-CH3 Prefix: methyl-, Suffix: -ane (paraffins, saturated hydrocarbons)
Alkanes, (CnH2n+2), paraffins
Alkanes: methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane . . .
Alkanoic acids, RCOOH, -oic acids, e.g. butane C4H10, butanoic acid CH3CH2CH2COOH
Alkanol, aliphatic alcohol, alkyl alcohol, ROH, (Prefix: hydroxy-), (Suffix: -ol), (-OH: alcohol)
Alkanones, (ketones, RCOR'), simplest ketone: acetone, (2-propanone, dimethyl ketone), O=C(CH3)2
Alkene R1R2C=CR3R4, (double CC bond =), Prefix: alkenyl-, Suffix: -ene (no principal functional group)
Alkene, (olefins. olefines), Cn H2n, e.g. ethylene, ethene C2H4
Alkenes, (CnH2n), olefins: 16.1.1.2
Alkenes, Prepare ethene, (ethylene), C2H4: 16.1.1.2.1
Alkyd resin: 16.11.1
Alkyl, R-, e.g. methyl, ethyl
Alkylation: 16.11.2
Alkylation, Distil crude oil and collect the fractions, composition of petroleum: 10.6.3
Alkyl halides, RHa, Halogen compounds, haloalkanes, halogen derivatives: 16.2.2
Alkyls, symbol R, name ends in -yl, name from alkanes by removing an H from formula, e.g. methane CH4 becomes methyl CH3-
Alkyne, R1-C≡C-R2, (triple CC bond involves 6 electrons , e.g. acetylene, H−C≡C−H),
Alkyne, Prefix: alkynl-, Suffix: -yne (no principal functional group), (acetylenes)
Alkynes, CnH2n-2, compounds with triple-bonded carbon atoms, C≡C, acetylenes, Prepare ethyne (acetylene) C2H2: 16.1.1.3.1
Allinase, alliin (S-allylcysteine), allicin, (diallyl thiosulfionate), Garlic: 19.2.27
Allotropes
Alloys
Allyl, CH2=CHCH2-, allyl resin, allyl bromide CH2=CHCH2Br
Allyl alcohol, CH2:CHCH2OH, prop-2-en-1-ol, 2-propen-1-ol, Highly toxic by all routes
α-naphthol tests for carbohydrates, Molisch's test, (α-naphthol in ethanol + unknown soln + conc. sulfuric acid, violet ring ): 9.134
α-naphthol, Naphthols: 16.1.3.2.2
α-amino acids, Table of the 20 α-amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2
α-linoleic acid, Fatty acids: 16.3.8.4
Alum, "common alum", potassium alum, potash alum, Al2(SO4)3.K2(SO4).24H2O, Alums: 7.2.2.1a
Aluminate, Reactions of aluminium, aluminate: 12.01.1 (See 2.)
Aluminate, cobaltous aluminate (cobalt blue), sodium aluminate
Aluminium, aluminium ion Al3+
Aluminium compounds
Aluminon, C22H23N3O9, triammonium salt of aurintricarboxylic acid, (dye detects Al3+), Toxic if ingested
Amalgams: 5.5.01
Amaranth (CI: 16185), from various Amaranthus species, Amaranthaceae, food plant
Amber, C12H20O, succinite, 35.23.2.1
Ambergris, Triterpenes C30: 16.3.5.1.6
Ambrein, Triterpenes C30: 16.3.5.1.6
American liquid measures, US measures: 3.5.3
Americium, Am, Table of the elements
Amethyst, SiO2
Amide RCONH2 (amine + acid) Suffix: -oic, amide
Amides, List of amides: 1.6
Amides, amides group: (-CONH2, RCONH2) suffix: -amide: 16.1.5.6
Amides, oic amide, e.g. propane C3H8, CH3CH2CONH2, propanoic amide
Amido phthalic acid and amido-tarephthalic acid: 16.3.5.2
Amidosulfamic acid, NH2.SO2OH, sulfamic acid, (sulphamic acid) NH2.SO2OH, Harmful if ingested, skin irritant
Amidosulfamic acid, Reactions of sulfamic acid, NH2.SO2OH: 12.18.7
Amines, RNH2, (amino, -NH2), amine, e.g. methylamine CH3NH2
Amines, List of amines, amino, -NH2: 1.7
Amino-plastics, amino resins, urea-formaldehyde (UF), melamine-formaldehyde (MF): 3.8.5
Amino acids, RCH(NH2)COOH
Amino group, NH2-
Aminoacetic acid, glycine, NH2CH2COOH
Aminoethanoic acid, glycine, NH2CH2COOH
Aminoethylethanolamine, AEEA, surfactant, fabric softener, fuel additive, chelate
Aminopentanedioic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, HOOC-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Aminopropane, 1-aminopropane, n-propyl amine, C3H9N
Amitripyline, popular tricyclic antidepressant, TCA, tryptanol, "Elavil", C20H22N: See diagram 14.05
Ammonia: 3.33.0
Ammonium compounds: 3.33.2
Amosite amphibole, (Mg, Fe)7(OHSi4O11)2: 35.20.3 (See 2.0 Brown asbestos)
Amount of substance, the mole: 5.1.0
Amoxillin, "Amox", C16H19N3O5S, antibiotic for children
Ampere, electric current: 6.3.1.4
Amphetamines, epinephrine : 11.11.4
Amphibole, common horneblende, NaCa2(Mg, Fe2+ Fe3+Al)5(Si, Al)8O22(OH, F)2
Amphiphilic molecule is hydrophilic (loves water) and lipophilic (loves fat), e.g. "soap molecule", saponins, cholesterol, sodium dodecyl sulfate
Amphoteric
Amyl acetate ester, CH3COO(CH2)4CH3, isoamyl acetate, pentyl acetate, (banana odour), Prepare amyl acetate, (pear oil): 16.5.6
Amyl acetate, n-amyl acetate, n-pentyl acetate, (some people cannot smell its banana / apple smell)
Amyl alcohol, C5H12O, CH3(CH2)3CH2OH, pentan-1-ol, n-amyl alcohol, normal amyl alcohol, 1-pentanol, isopentyl alcohol
Amylase, used to test properties of enzymes, Hydrolysis of starch by salivary amylase (ptyalin): 9.130
Amylase, Technology, pectinase, amylase, protease, lipase, lactase: 4.2.7.1
n-amylene, C5H10, amylene, n-pentene, 2-methyl-2-butene, 1-pentene, pent-1-ene, Highly flammable
Amylobarbital, pentobarbital, barbiturates, phenobarbital, amylobarbital, pentobarbital, thiopental: 11.11.7
Amylose (from potatoes), Amylose and amylopectin: 9.132a
Amyls, C5H11-
Anaesthetic ether, diethyl ether, C2H5OC2H5, "ether", ethoxyethane, ethyl oxide, sulfuric ether, Toxic by all routes, Not permitted in schools
Analar reagent, commercial chemical of high purity with known contaminants for use in chemical analysis
Analgesics, Aspirin and analgesics, paracetamol, acetaminophen (Panadol, Tylenol): 11.11.6
Anatase, a mineral form of titanium (IV) oxide, titanium dioxide, TiO2
Andesine (Group 2. Plagioclase feldspars)
Andrade's acid fuchsin, acid base indicator: 7.1
Angle: 6.3.01
Anglesite, lead sulfate, lead vitriol, PbSO4: 35.20.1
Anhydrite, mineral anhydrite, calcium sulfate anhydrous, "snake alabaster", CaSO4
Anhydrone (trade name), magnesium perchlorate, Mg(ClO4)2, powerful oxidizing agent, with water highly exothermic
Anhydrone, Toxic if ingested, Corrosive to skin, Violently explodes with many materials, Not permitted in schools
Aniline, C6H5NH2, Not permitted in schools
Animals, Biological hazards and use of live animals, (laboratory safety): 3.2.5
Anion compounds, Hazards of anion compounds: 3.7.0
Anions, Tests for anions: 12.11.5.0
Anisole, CH3OC6H5, methyoxybenzene, smells like anise seed, Harmful if ingested
Anode, Electrochemical cell: 7.9.21
Anode, Daniell cell: 3.85
Anodize: 7.9.6.1
Anodize aluminium: 15.1.8
Anodize iron nails: 15.1.8.1
Anorthite, calcium feldspar, CaAl2Si2O8
Antacids
Anti-bumping granules, boiling chips, (- ceramic, silicon carbide, fused alumina): 7.9.12
Anti-bumping, granules, Boiling point, (b.p.), of liquids: 7.5.0
Antioxidants, antioxidant phenols, vitamin E, β-carotene: 19.2.1.6 (diagram)
Anthocyanins, flavonoids, betaines, flavones, anthocyanin, flavonols, flavanones, chalcones: 16.3.4.2
Anthracene, Aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. benzene, anthracene: 16.3.4.0.1
Anthraquinone, C14H8O2, (9, 10-dioxanthracene)
Anti-caking agents, food additive: 19.4.4.9
Anti-histamine, antihistamines, histamine, dexchlorpheniramine (Polaramine): 11.11.5
Antibiotics, disinfectants, antiseptics and antibiotics: 9.215
Antibiotics, penicillin: 2.1.6
Antifreeze
Antimony, Sb
Antimony compounds
Antioxidants, BHA, BHT, TBHQ, propyl gallate, vitamin E, β-carotene, Antioxidant phenols: 19.2.1.6
Antioxidants, food additives: 19.4.4.10
Antiseptics, disinfectants, antiseptics and antibiotics: 9.215
Apatite, Ca5[F(PO4)3], 35.21.3.1
Apothecaries' weight: 3.2.4
Apparatus, Prepare stock materials and apparatus: 2.6
"Aquadag", (graphite solution), carbon, C: 7.2.2.11
Aquamarine, blue-green beryl
Aqua regia
Aqua vitae, "water of life", brandy, distilled spirits
Aquavit, "eau de vie", whisky, usquebaugh (Irish whisky)
Aqueous solutions, states of matter: 7.9.6.2
Aqueous solutions, Solubility in water of different salts: 3.9
Arachidic acid, C19H39COOH, found in peanuts (groundnuts)
Arachidonic acid, CH3(CH2)3(CH2CH:CH)4-(CH2)3COOH, eicosatetraenoic acid, in cell membranes, dietary requirement
Aragonite, CacO3, calcium carbonate, (pea stone in hot springs), Dimorphism: 35.33.2
Araldite polymer, epoxy resin, C13H18O2, an ether, (Sigma #10951), Araldite M Accelerator 960, Araldite M Hardener 964: 3.8.7
Aramid synthetic fibre, Nomex, Kevlar, Twaron: 3.7.6.1.1
Aramide polymer, Generic name for fibres from aromatic polyamides: 3.7.6
Aramids: 16.3.4.0b
Area game, (Primary): 1.44
Arenes, benzene, benzene compounds: 16.1.1.1b
Argentic, argentous: Silver compounds
Argentite mineral, silver glance, Ag2S
Arginine, Amino acids: 16.3.6.1.0 (See 5.)
Arginine, Arg, Table of the 20 α-amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2 (See 2.)
Argon, Ar, compressed air cylinders. inert gas: 13.1.0
Armenian clay: 35.22.4.8
Aromatic hydrocarbons: 16.8.0
Aromatics, aromatic compounds: 16.3.4.0
Arrhenius distributions, reaction mechanisms, theory of dissociation, (Svante Arrhenius 1859-1927): R5.1.3
Arsenate, tests for arsenates: 12.11.5.3
Arsenic, As, metalloid, Toxic if ingested, Not permitted in schools
Arsenic compounds
Artificial sweeteners, phenylalanine and aspartame: 19.4 2 5
Aryl groups: 16.3.4.0a
Asbestos, hydrous magnesium silicate, (Crocodolite asbestos and blue asbestos, Not permitted in schools)
Ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid, vitamin C, ascorbic acid (VC), C6H8O6
Ascorbyl palmitate
Ash content, moisture content of plant organs and ash content of plant dry matter: 9.3.15
Asparagine, Asn, Asparagine D-, Asparagine L-, Table of the 20 α-amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2 (See 3.)
Aspartame, Artificial sweeteners, phenylalanine and aspartame: 19.4.2.5
Amino acids: 16.3.6.1.0
Aspartic acid, HOOC-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Aspartic acid, Table of the 20 α-amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2 (See 4.)
Asphalt, pitch, "tar", Coal tar products: 16.2.10
Asphalt, Fractional distillation of crude oil: 16.1.12
Aspiration hazard: 5.8
Aspirin
Assay value of precious metals: 35.3.01
Astatine, At, Table of the elements
-ate, suffix for salts or esters of acids, usually ending in "ic", e.g. pyruvic acid, pyruvate, nitric acid, nitrate
Atmosphere, Composition of the atmosphere and greenhouse gases: 3.32.1
Atmosphere, Standard atmosphere: 20.0.10
Atmosphere, Standard atmosphere, Boiling point of water: 3.5
Atmospheric pressure, air pressure: 12.3.0
Atomic
Atoms
ATP, adenosine triphosphate: 6.6.1.1
Atropine, Anticholinergic, Atropa belladonna, (poisonous alkaloid from plants, deadly nightshade, belladonna)
Atropine, C17H23NO3, Hallucinogenic drugs: 11.11.9
Atropine, Tropane group, tropine group: 16.3.6.2.2
Augite, (monoclinic, pyroxene, silicate), [(Ca, Mg, Fe2, Fe3, Ti, Al)2][(Si, Al)2O6]
Augite, Silicates group, polysilicates, polysilicon: 35.20.3.01
Autocatalysis
Avogadro's hypothesis, (Avogadro's law, Avogadro's principle), Avogadro's number box: 5.1.0.1
Avoirdupois weight, English and United States weights and measures: 3.2.1
Azeotrope: 7.9.7
Azide compounds: (N3-), or (-N3), (-N=N+N-), Nitrogen compounds: 16.2.5.1
Azo compounds: derivatives of diazene (diimide), HN=NH, Nitrogen compounds: 16.2.5.2
Azurite, basic copper carbonate, blue carbonate of copper, 2CuCO3.Cu(OH)2: 35.20.4
Acetaldehyde
16.3.1 Prepare ethanal (acetaldehyde),ethanal with potassium dichromate
16.3.2 Prepare ethanal with potassium manganate (VII) [potassium permanganate, Condy's crystals]
Acetamide, CH3CONH2, ethanamide
Amides: 16.1.5.6
Acetamide, Heat energy to change solid to liquid, melting point, latent heat of fusion: 4.10
Acetamide, Latent heat of fusion of ice to water: 24.1.5 (See 4.)
Amide RCONH2 (amine + acid) No prefix, Suffix: -oic, Suffix: -amide, e.g. acetamide = ethanamide, CH3CONH2
Acetates, CH3COO-, ethanoates
Acetates, ethanoates, ethyl acetate, ethyl ethanoate: 16.1.3.6
Acetates, tests for acetates: 12.11.5.1
Acetone, 2-propanone, propanone, dimethyl ketone, Highly flammable, irritant vapour, slightly toxic if ingested
Boiling point of inflammable liquids, ethanol, acetone: 3.6
Extract oil from peanuts (groundnuts): 10.12.1
Oxidation of acetone vapour, copper oxides catalyst: 17.3.10
Acetone peroxide, contact explosives, triacetone triperoxide TATP, C6H12O4 (dimer), C9H18O6 (trimer)
Acid-base indicators (list): 1.0.0
Acid-base indicators: 5.6.0
Acid-base indicators in the home (in plants, rape juice, red cabbage): 19.1.5
Acid-base neutralization, acid with base forms a salt and water: 12.8.0
Acid-base reactions: 12.2.5
Dissociation constant, Ka: 5.6.11
Acid: 7.9.1
Acid-base reactions: 12.2.5.0
Acid-base indicators: 5.6.0
Acid-base neutralization, Titration: 12.11.2.0
Acid-base reactions: 12.2.5.0
Acid alcohol, biology solution: 1.1
Acid anhydrides, acyl anhydrides, anhydrides (RCO-O-COR' (R(C=O) O(C=O) R'): 16.1.5.7
Acid demand of swimming pools: 18.7.21.1
Acid fuchsin, Andrade's acid fuchsin, acid base indicator: 7.1 (See 2.3)
Acid radicals, Tests for anions in unknown solution, tests for acid radicals in solution: 12.11.5.0
Acid rain
Acid salt, Prepare acid salt, sodium hydrogen sulfate: 12.10.6
Acid salt, Salts, acid salt, sodium chloride, "table salt": 12.10.0
Acid test of gold, Aqua regia
Acids and bases, Prepare dilute acids and bases: 3.4.3
Acids and bases, Prepare acids and bases: 7.0
Acids, Dilute acids, mineral acids, dilute acids (inorganic): 7.9.1
Acids in the home: 19.1.1.0
Acid soils and alkaline soils, (test soil pH): 5.19
Dilute acids, Reactions of dilute acids: 12.3.1
Food acids, food additives: 19.4.4.18
Household chemicals, chemicals in the home: 19.1.0
Hydrochloric acid, HCl: 12.4.0
List of mineral acids: 1.1
List of organic acids: 1.2
Nitric acid, HNO3: 12.5.0
Prepare acids and bases: 7.0
Prepare dilute acids: 5.3.1
Properties of acids: 12.3.0
Reactions of metals with concentrated oxidizing acids: 12.14.04
Reactions of metals with dilute acids: 12.14.03
Solid acids,Household acids: 19.1.1.0
Store acids: 1.0.
Sulfuric acid, ionization of hydrogen sulfate ion, sulfur trioxide: 12.6.0.0
Taste of acids, solid acids in the home: 12.3.1
Titration of acids with bases: 3.78
Acids with:
Alkalis, Test the reactions of dilute acids with alkalis: 12.10.2.2
Basic oxides, Dilute acids with basic oxides, metal oxides, copper (II) oxide: 12.3.5
Calcium hydrogen carbonate, Dilute acids with calcium hydrogen carbonate: 12.3.10.1
Carbonates, Dilute acids with carbonates, common carbonates: 12.3.9.0
Hydroxide, Dilute acids with hydroxides, magnesium hydroxide: 12.3.6
Hydroxide, Dilute acids with hydroxides, sodium hydroxide: 12.3.7
Metals, Reactions of dilute acids with metals: 12.10.2.1
Metals, Dilute acids with metals, hydrochloric acid: 12.3.2
Metals, Dilute acids with metals, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, ethanoic acid: 12.3.2.1
Metals, Dilute acids with metals, sulfuric acid with iron: 12.3.3
Non-metals, Concentrated acids with non-metals, carbon, sulfur: 12.3.14
Sodium carbonate, Dilute hydrochloric acid with sodium carbonate: 12.3.9.2
Sodium hydrogen carbonate, Dilute acids with sodium hydrogen carbonate: 12.3.10.0
Sodium hydroxide, Dilute acids with sodium hydroxide: 12.3.7.1
Sodium hydroxide, Microscale titration, sodium hydroxide with dilute acids: 12.8.7
Acidic oxides, Oxides, acidic, basic, amphoteric, neutral and mixed oxides: 12.17.0
Acidic oxides, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide: 12.3.8
Carbon dioxide, acidic oxides, (non-metal oxides): 12.17.3
Carbon dioxide with barium hydroxide solution, ionization of barium hydroxide: 12.17.3.2
Carbon dioxide with sodium hydroxide solution: 12.17.3.1
Prepare oxygen gas with hydrogen peroxide, O2: 3.49.0
Solubility of acidic oxide carbon dioxide in water, acidity of soda water, fizzy drinks: 3.34.3
Acidity, hydrogen ion concentration of water, acidity and alkalinity: 18.1.0.1
Acidity regulators, food additives (List): 19.4.4.8
Solubility of acidic oxide carbon dioxide in water, acidity of soda water, fizzy drinks: 3.34.3
Soil acidity: 6.9.17.2
Acid rain, Fuel pollutants and effects
Acid rain and nitrogen oxides, NOx: 3.48
Air pollution: 18.6.0
CFCs, chlorofluorocarbons: 12.19.5.0
Fertility of different soils: 6.4
Formation of acid rain, SOx, by burning sulfur or sulfur compounds: 12.6.0.1
Acroleic acid, CH2CHCO2H, acrylic acid, propenoic acid, prop-2-enoic acid, Toxic by all routes
Acroleic acid is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid.
Acroleic acid, Solution < 5%, Not hazardous
Polyacrylic acid, cross-linked sodium salt, Instant Expanding Snow: See pdf
Polyacrylamide powder, superabsorbent, Instant Wet Snow: See pdf
Prepare sodium polyacrylate gels, acrylic sodium salt polymer, ASAP: 3.4.2.5.1
Poly (acrylic acid), PAA, carbomer, (C3H4O2)n, monomer
Sodium polyacrylate, Super Expanding Creatures: See pdf
Acrolein, C3H4O, CH2=CHCHO, prop-2-enal, ethylene aldehyde, Toxic by all routes
Prop-2-enal, acrolein, Toxic by all routes
Prop-2-enal, acrolein, Solution < 0.1%, Not hazardous
Acrolein, Solution < 0.1%, Not hazardous
Acrylic acid, propenoic acid, CH2CHCOOH, synthetic fibre, acrylic resins, "acrylics": 3.4.2.8.1
Butter: 19.2.24
Heat different foods: 9.128
Tests for glycerine: 12.7.4
Tests for glycerol: 12.12.3
Adenosine-5-diphosphate, ADP, (sodium salt)
Adenosine-5-monophosphate, AMP, (sodium salt)
Adenosine-5-triphosphoric acid, ATP, (sodium salt)
Adenosine, D-ribose
Adenosine triphosphate, ATP: 6.6.1.1
Adipic acid, HOOC(CH2)4COOH, (CH2)4(COOH)2, butanedicarboxylic acid, hexandioic acid, Harmful if ingested
Adipic acid, colourless needles, (used to make nylon 6,6 (Bri nylon), and polyester resin)
Dicarboxylic acids: 16.4.1.1.1
Food buffers, food additive, E355, food acid, raising agent: 19.4.4.12
Prepare nylon polymer: 3.4.7
Adrenaline (epinephrine) amines and alkaloids, phenethylamine group: 1.6.0A
Amine intolerance: 19.4.2.2.2
Amphetamines, amphetamine, epinephrine (adrenaline) amphetamine-type stimulants: 11.11.4
Agar
Differences in potential on iron nail: 15.7.3
Gels in the home kitchen: 7.8.5.3
Observe movement of ions from sodium sulfate solution: 3.4.2
Media and solutions: 9.1.2.11
Polysaccharide gums: 16.3.2.9
Phylum Rhodophyta, red algae (protist): 9.0.14
Rotting banana and rotting grass: 9.159
Air pollution, danger of vehicle exhausts, tailpipe gases: 18.6.3
Air pollution from burning refuse: 18.6.2
Harmful substances in cigarette smoke: 19.2.28
Albumin, Tests for albumin and gelatine: 16.6.4
Albumin, serum albumin, Luminol: 14.3.0.1
Albuminous seed, castor oil plant: 9.5.4.1
Fibrous proteins and globular proteins: 16.3.6.0.2 (See 2.)
Pasteurization and UHT: 19.3.6.12
Tests for albumin and gelatin: 16.6.4
Tests for glucose, urine test: 19.1.20.4
Tests, Multiple reagent strips: 19.1.20.5
Tests for proteins, Albustix test strips, tetrabromophenol blue solution: 16.6.8
Tests for proteins, biuret test: 16.6.5
Tests for proteins, Millon's test: 16.6.7
Exalbuminous seed, broad bean, (Vicia faba): 9.5.5.1
Alcohols, absolute alcohol, 95% alcohol, hospital alcohol, denatured alcohol
See: Ethanol
Alcohols, List of alcohols: 1.4
Aldehydes, -CHO, R-CH=O, Prefix: formyl-, Suffix: -al
Aldehydes, List of aldehydes, -CHO, suffix -al: 1.5
Aldehydes, aldehydes group: (-CHO), suffix: (-al), ketones, quinones: 16.3.1.0
Fehling's tests for aldehydes in solution: 16.3.7.0
Metaldehyde
Oxidation of glucose with sodium hydroxide and methylene blue, blue bottle experiment: 16.3.7.2
Oxidation of methanol to methanal using platinum catalyst: 16.3.3
Prepare ethanal (acetaldehyde), with potassium dichromate: 16.3.1
Prepare ethanal with potassium manganate (VII): 16.3.2
Reducing sugars and nonreducing sugars: 16.3.7.1
Silver mirror tests for aldehydes, Tollens' test: 16.3.7.3
Tests for reducing sugars and aldehydes, tests for simple sugars, Fehling's test: 9.140
Alkaloids amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2
Alkaloids from plants: 16.3.6.4
Amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2
Glycoalkaloids, avoid bruised or green potatoes: 19.2.17
Quinine: 16.3.5.7
Taste, smell, flavour, (taste of alkaloids): 19.3.1
Alkanes, cyclohexane, heptane, hexane, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), octane, pentane, petroleum spirit
Alkanes, (CnH2n+2), (paraffins), paraffin hydrocarbon: 16.1.1.1
Alkanes, (paraffins, Collect and weigh the gaseous products of a burning candle: 3.28.4
Alkanes, skeletal formula: See diagram 16.1.1
Alkali: 7.9.4
Alkali metals, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr: Group 1
Alkali, potassium hydroxide (caustic potash), sodium hydroxide (caustic soda): 5.3.3
Alkali, Strong alkalis: ammonia solution, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide
Alkali with acidic oxides, carbon dioxide: 12.7.6
Alkali with basic oxides, copper oxide: 12.7.5
Alkaline earth metals, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra: Group 2
Alkaline feldspars
Alkaline iodide, (500 g NaOH, 135 g NaI, 10 g NaN3 in 1 L of water), Toxic
Alkaline pyrogallol, 1, 2, 3-trihydroxybenzene, Highly toxic if ingested, corrosive to skin
Alkalinity: 18.1.0.1
Bases, properties of bases, strong bases: 12.7.0
Black iron oxide is a mixed base, Fe3O4: 12.8.10
Reactions of dilute acids with alkalis: 12.10.2.2
Store alkalis: 2.0.
Tests for saturated hydrocarbons, alkaline potassium manganate (VII) solution: 16.4.8
Allotropes, sulfur, carbon: 7.9.4.1
Prepare sulfur allotropes, forms of sulfur: 7.1.5.0
Reactions of phosphorus and phosphates, P, PO43-, 12.13.1
Ozone, O3, Prepare ozone, 3.50 (See 1.)
Alloys: 5.5.0
Alloy collection: 5.5.2
Alloys of "noble metals", Au, Ag, Pt, Pd: 5.5.11
Amalgams: 5.5.01
Classify substances, pure substances, mixtures, solutions: 7.2.1
Copper-aluminium alloys, bronze: 5.5.8
Copper-nickel alloys: 5.5.9
Copper-zinc alloys, brass: 5.5.6
Corrosion of alloys, restore bronze coins: 15.3.14
Elements and compounds: 7.2.2.1 (See alloy in each metal description)
Gold, natural gold, Au, for medical use: 35.20.18
Heat treatment of steel needles, annealing, quenching, tempering: 3.64
Low melting point alloys: 5.5.4
Magnesium, Reactions of magnesium, Mg (See 2.): 12.10.1
Magnets, temporary and permanent magnets: 29.1.1
Melting point of solids: 7.4.0
Metallic bonds: 3.01.5
Nickeline, niccolite, arsenical nickel, NiAs: 35.20.30
Permalloy bar: 29.1.2.8
Solutions: 7.7.0.1
Tin, Sn: 35.20.45
Allyl alcohol, CH2:CHCH2OH, prop-2-en-1-ol, 2-propen-1-ol, Highly toxic by all routes
Allyl alcohol, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous
Allyl bromide, CH2:CHCH2Br, 1-bromoprop-2-ene, 3-bromopropene, acrid smell, Toxic by all routes
Allyl chloride, CH2:CHCH2Cl, 3-chloropropene, (plastics production) Toxic by all routes
Allyl chloride, Solution < 0.1%, Not hazardous
Alum, common alum, hydrated aluminium potassium sulfate, potassium alum, potash alum, KAl(SO4)2: 12H2O
Alums: 7.2.2.1a
Ammonium alum, NH4Al(SO4)2.12H2O, Tschermignite
Prepare chrome alum, chromium (III) potassium sulfate, KCr(SO4)2, KCr(SO4)2.12H2O: 12.14.4
Prepare iron (III) ammonium alum, (NH4)2SO4.Fe2(SO4)3.24H2O: 12.14.3
Prepare potash alum from aluminium foil: 12.14.2
Prepare potash alum from its constituent salts: 12.14.1
Soda alum, Na2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O
Aluminium, Al, metal, ion Al3+, granules (stabilized), pellets, powder, powder (coated), (powder 1396), Flammable powder
Aluminium, Al, Table of the elements
Aluminium foil, 399 mm × 150 M roll
Alfoil disposable containers + lid, 105 mm width × 184 mm depth × 38 mm height
Aluminium properties: 7.2.2.1
Aluminium chemical reactions: 12.1.0
Aluminium powder, particle movement: 3.3.5
Aluminium Toxicity: 3.6.1
Anodize aluminium: 15.1.8
Corrosion of aluminium: 15.3.15
Duralumin alloy of Al + Cu + Mg
Heat aluminium foil: 8.2.11
Reactions of aluminium: 12.01.1
Reactions of aluminium salts: 12.01.2
Reactions of sulfuric acid with aluminium: 12.3.3.1
Recycle an aluminium drink-can as potassium aluminium sulfate, alum: 12.7.3.1
Tests for aluminium: 12.11.3.10.1
Aluminium compounds
Alum: 7.2.2.1a
Alumina, aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide
Alumina, anti-bumping, granules, boiling chips, (fused alumina, flower pot bits), Boiling point, (b.p.), of liquids: 7.5.0
Alumina, alumina polishing powder
Aluminium acetate, Al (COOCH3)3, aluminium ethanoate
Aluminium ammonium sulfate, Harmful if ingested
Aluminium ammonium sulfate (dodecahydrate), AlNH4(SO4)2.12H2O, ammonium alum, food additive E523, buffer, stabilizer
Aluminium bromide, anhydrous, Toxic if ingested or skin contact
Aluminium carbonate
Aluminium chloride, AlCl3, anhydrous, covalent, Toxic if ingested
Aluminium chloride, Solution < 5%, Not hazardous
Aluminium chloride, hydrated, AlCl3.6H2O, the anhydrous AlCl3 is covalent, for 0.1 M soln., 24 g of hydrated salt in 1 L water
Aluminium chloride, Fireproof cloth using ammonium chloride solution: 3.5.11
Aluminium compounds, tests in solution: 12.11.3.9
Aluminium fluoride
Aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)3 dyes with a mordant: 19.5.3
Aluminium hydroxide, Alkalis with amphoteric oxides and hydroxides: 12.7.7
Aluminium hydroxide, make aluminium hydroxide precipitate, remove colour using aluminium hydroxide: 7.6.4
Aluminium nitrate, AAS Solution, hydrated aluminium nitrate, Harmful if ingested
Aluminium orthophosphate
Aluminium oxalate, Harmful if ingested
Aluminium oxide, Al2O3, alumina, corundum, amphoteric, (used for leaching minerals), Lung irritation, Toxic if inhaled
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, AlK(SO4)2.12H2O, (also: KAl(SO4)2.12H2O), hydrated: 19.1.8 Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, potash alum, "alum", aluminium potash
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, clarify muddy water: 10.11.1
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, fireproof paper: 3.5.11 (See 2.)
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, into clay suspension: 7.6.2.2
Aluminium potassium sulfate-12-water, Secret writing inks, alum solution, K2SO4Al2(SO4)3.2H2O: 3.2.5.1
Aluminium sulfate
Bentonite, bentonite clay, Al2Mg(OH)2[Si4O10](Ca, Na)x.4H2O: 35.22.4.4
Cryolite (sodium aluminium fluoride): 35.20.13
Fuller's earth, Al2Mg(OH)2[Si4O10](Ca, Na)x.4H2O: 35.22.4.5
Halloysite, Al4Si4(OH)8O10.4H2O, clay mineral
Illite, KAl4(Si, Al)8O20(OH)4, KAl4(Si, Al)8O18.2H2O, most common clay mineral
Kaolinite, kaolin-type clays, Al4[(OH)8Si4O10]: 35.20.21.1
Prepare potash alum from aluminium foil, K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O, 12.14.2
Prepare potash alum, K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O, from its constituent salts: 12.14.1
Tests for aluminium compounds in solution: 12.11.3.9
Tests for aluminium compounds: 12.13.1
Topaz, Al2(F2SiO4)
Weight of aluminium in aluminium sulfate: 17.6.2
Zeolite, e.g. tetrapropylammonium (TPA) ZSM-5: 35.20.49
Aluminium sulfate, Al2(SO4)3, hydrated aluminium sulfate, Al2(SO4)3.18H2O, (NOT "alum"!)
Aluminium sulfate, Al2(SO4)3 xH2O, aluminium sulfate hydrate, cake alum, Harmful to eyes, Harmful if ingested
Aluminium sulfate, potassium alum or aluminium sulfate with clay suspensions: 7.6.2.2
Aluminium sulfate, potassium sulfate, artificial gemstones: 12.10.2.6.1
Aluminium sulfate, weight of aluminium in aluminium sulfate: 17.6.2
Amines, aliphatic amines (RNH2-, R = alkyl group) Amines group: (-NH2) suffix: -amine: 16.2.4.3
Amines, primary (methylamine, CH3NH2), secondary (dimethylamine, (CH3)2NH), tertiary (trimethylamine, (CH3)3N)
Amine intolerance, food: 19.4.2.2.2
Amines, List of amines, amino, -NH2: 1.7
Amines and alkaloids: 16.3.6.2
Chloramines in swimming pools: 16.2.4.3.2
Amino acids: 16.3.6.1.0
Amino acid nomenclature: 16.3.6.1.1
Amino acids, α-amino acids, Table of the 20 α-amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2
Amino acids, proteins, peptides, amino acids: 16.6.1.1
Amino acids, Separate amino acids by paper chromatography: 10.2.2.5
Amphetamine, 1-phenyl-2-aminopropane, C6H5CH2CH(NH2)CH3
Amphetamines, Phenethylamine group: 1.6.0A
Amphetamine See diagram 14.03: Amphetamine
Amphetamines, amphetamine, epinephrine (adrenaline) amphetamine-type stimulants: 11.11.4
Amphetamines, cocaine and amphetamines: 11.11.3a
Amphoteric, Al(OH)3 reacts as a base, H3AlO3 reacts as a base: 7.9.6
Amphoteric oxides, e.g. Al(OH)3, Al2O3, Acidic, basic, amphoteric, neutral and mixed oxides: 12.17.0
Alkalis with amphoteric oxides and hydroxides: 12.7.7
Amphoteric substances: 12.3.0.1
Dilute acids with amphoteric oxides: 12.3.5.1
Proteins are amphoteric: 16.6.12
Reactions of aluminium salts: 12.01.2 (See 2.)
Aniline, C6H5NH2, phenylamine, aminobenzene, (phenylammonium ion. anilinium ion, C6H5NH3+), Not permitted in schools
Aniline blue (C.I. 42755), China blue, cotton blue, water blue, (alcohol soluble), Highly toxic if ingested
Aniline dyes: blue (water soluble) CI 42780 (CI acid blue 22)
Aniline-formaldehyde, thermoset plastics: 3.8.6
Aniline hydrochloride, Highly toxic if ingested
Aniline hydrochloride, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous
Aniline hydrochloride, aniline chloride, anilinium chloride, Microscopy stain (lignified tissue yellow): 3.4
Aniline, phenylamine, aminobenzene, C6H5NH2, (phenylammonium ion. anilinium ion, C6H5NH3+): 16.3.4.0.4
Aniline sulfate, Highly toxic if ingested, Aniline sulfate, Solution < 3%, Not hazardous, anilinium sulfate, microscopy stain: 3.5
Antifreeze (The most common antifreeze is ethylene glycol (C2H6O2)
Abuse of volatile substances, inhalants: 11.11.01
Blood constituents (humans): 9.214 (Drinking antifreeze, toxic)
Dihydric alcohols, glycol: 16.1.3.0.1
Melting point of ice and freezing point, f.p., of water, antifreeze: 7.4.3.0
Relative sweetness of some artificial sweeteners: 19.4.2.4
Tests for saturated hydrocarbons, alkaline potassium manganate (VII) solution test: 16.4.8
Vapour pressure of pure water and solution of a non-volatile solvent: 24.1.02
Antimony, Sb, (stibium), metal (metalloid), powder, shot, particles
Antimony mineral, natural antimony, Sb (Geology): 35.20.2
Antimony, Sb, Table of the elements
Antimony properties: 7.2.2.2
Antimony black, (powdered antimony used to give plaster casts metallic look)
Antimony: 35.20.2
Antimony, Law of mass action and reversible reactions, hydrolysis of antimony chloride: 17.5.5.2
Antimony chemical reactions: 12.2.1
Antimony, Tests for antimony: 12.11.3.10.3
The antimony pigments Naples yellow, antimony white and antimony black are all highly toxic cumulative poisons
Antimony compounds
Antimonic compounds (+5 oxidation state), e.g. antimony (V) chloride, SbCl5
Antimonous compounds (+3 oxidation state) e.g. antimony (III) chloride, SbCl3
Antimony (III) chloride, SbCl3, antimonous chloride, antimony trichloride, butter of antimony, Harmful, Corrosive
Antimony (III) fluoride, SbF3
Antimony (III) sulfide, SbS3, is added to some match heads to increase the vigour of burning
Antimony (III) oxide, antimony trioxide, senarmonite, velentinite
Antimony (V) chloride, antimonic chloride, antimony pentachloride, SbCl5
Antimony (V) fluoride, SbF5
Antimonial lead, lead-antimony alloy, bouronite
Antimony bloom, Sb2O3, Valentinite, weathering product of antimony ores
Antimony chloride, antimony trichloride
Antimony oxide, antimony trioxide
Antimony oxysulfide, antimony red, vermilion
Antimony potassium tartrate, AAS std
Antimony trioxide, antimony bloom
Antimony trisulfide, antimony black
Stibnite, Sb2S3, antimonite, antimony glance, grey antimony: 35.20.42
Tartar emetic
Tests for antimonates, borates, oxalates: 12.11.5.2a
Argon, Ar
Argon, Ar, Table of the elements
Argon properties: 7.2.2.3
Packaging gases, propellants, food additive E938: 19.4.4.22
Arsenic, As, extremely toxic, Arsenic and arsenic compounds are Not permitted in schools
Arsenic, A 65 mg dose or repeated smaller doses may be poisonous. Also, small quantities of arsenic may be carcinogenic.
Arsenic, As, Table of the elements, Arsenic mineral, As, natural arsenic
Arsenic properties: 7.2.2.4
Arsenic chemical reactions: 12.2.2
Arsenic (III) acid, HAsO3, (formerly arsenious acid)
Arsenic (III) iodide, arsenic triiodide, Not permitted in schools
Arsenic (III) oxide, As4O6, As2O3, arsenolite (white arsenic), claudetite mineral, Not permitted in schools
Arsenic (V) acid, H3AsO4, (formerly arsenic acid), Not permitted in schools
Arsenic (V) oxide, As2O5, arsenic oxide
Arsenic, Chemical reactions: 7.2.2.4
Arsenic trioxide, As2O3, arsenic (III) oxide, arsenic (III) trioxide, arsenious oxide, arsenious acid, white arsenic, Extremely toxic
Arsenic trisulfide, As2S3, arsenic sulphide, orpiment mineral, yellow orpiment pigment and dye, (Arabic: az zarnik gold), Toxic
Arsenolite, As2O3
Arsenopyrite, mispickel, arsenical pyrites, FeAsS, Erinite, Minerals containing arsenic: 35.20.2.1
Hardite, case-hardening material containing arsenic
Minerals containing arsenic: 35.20.30.1 (Geology)
Nickeline, niccolite, arsenical nickel, NiAs: 35.20.30
Orpiment, As2S3, tinsel: 35.20.30.1
Pigments: copper acetoarsenite (green 21, emerald green, Paris green), copper arsenite, (Scheele's green),
Pigments cobalt arsenite and arsenic trisulfide (yellow 39), are extremely toxic, carcinogenic and are Not permitted in schools.
Reactions of arsenic and arsenic compounds: 12.2.2
Realgar mineral, As4S4: 35.20.2.1
Tests for arsenic: 12.11.3.10.4
Wood treated with copper chrome arsenate (CCA): 12.2.2.1
Ascorbic acid, powder pillows, L-ascorbic acid tablets, vitamin C
Ascorbic acid, dipsticks to test the vitamin C, ascorbic acid, content of food: 19.1.20
Ascorbic acid, phosphate ions in water: 18.4.1
Solubility of carbohydrates in water, vitamin C (ascorbic acid): 9.134
Tests for vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid): 9.143
Asbestos, Crocodolite asbestos and blue asbestos, Not permitted in schools,
Asbestos, Schools may store demonstration specimens in sealed containers or embedded in plastic.
Asbestos, hydrous magnesium silicate, asbestos fibre, mineral wool: 35.20.3
Asbestos, 5% platinized, platinized asbestos
Asbestos (Greek: unqsodom, material)
Aspartic acid, Asp, Table of the 20 α-amino acids: 16.3.6.1.2 (See 4.)
Aspartic acid, L-, HOOC-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH, 2-aminopentanedioic acid, glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid
Aspartic acid: See diagram 16.3.6.0.1
Amino acids: 16.3.6.1.0
Separate amino acids with paper chromatography: 10.2.2.5
Sweeteners phenylalanine and aspartame: 19.4 2 5
Aspirin, C9H8O4, acetylsalicyclic acid, Harmful if ingested long-term, Do not give to children < 12 years
Aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid, acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid
Aspirin, acetophen, ASA, entrophen, from willow Salix alba
Aspirin antithrombic, anti-platelet and pain relieving medicine
Aspirin and analgesics, paracetamol, acetaminophen (Panadol, Tylenol): 11.11.6
Aspirin, prepare aspirin crystals: 3.1.4
Aspirin, salicylate intolerance: 19.4.2.2.1
Acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, C9H8O4, acetyl salicyclic acid, Harmful if ingested long-term
Anacardium occcidentale, cashew nut tree, Gajus, [anacardic acid, gallic acid, salicyclic acid, tannin], herbal remedy
Aromatic carboxylic acids and derivatives, e.g. benzoic acid, salicyclic acid: 16.3.4.0.11
Filipendula ulmaria (origin of aspirin)
Rates of reactions of aspirin: 17.2.4
Salicyclic acid, C6H4(OH)COOH, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid
Separate aspirin, caffeine and paracetamol with thin layer plate chromatography: 10.2.2.6
Toxic effect of common drugs on Daphnia: 19.2.29
Salicyclic acid, C6H4(OH)COOH, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid, Harmful, skin irritant
Salicyclic acid is a bitter-tasting derivative of phenol used to make fungicides and aspirin.
Salicyclate, Salicyclic acid salt or ester, Salicylate intolerance: 19.4.2.2.1
Test for aspirin: 12.1.9
Atoms, "Images of atoms"
Atoms: 3.0
Actinoids, (actinide series): Table 1
Atomic absorption spectroscopy: 36.101.1
Atomic number (in Periodic table): Table 1
Atomic number (definition): Table 2
Atomic mass units (definition): Table 2
Atomic mass unit, Elements and chemical reactions: 7.2.2.1
Atomic weight: Table 2
Atoms, Make molecular models: 3.5.1
Bohr model
Elements: Table 2
Free elements: Table 2
Groups: Table 1
Heavy metals: Table 2
Lanthanoids (lanthanide series): Table 1
Metalloids: Table 2
Periodic variations: Table 1
Periodic table: Table 1
Periods: Table 1
Radioactive elements: Table 2
Rare earth elements: Table 1
Relative atomic mass, (molecular weight)
Transition metals (transition elements): Table 1
Table of the elements: Table 2
Autocatalysis, Ethanedioic acid-2-water (oxalic acid) with potassium manganate (VII), autocatalysis: 17.3.3
Ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide, autocatalytic hydrolysis: 17.3.15
Potassium bromate with malonic acid, double autocatalytic reaction, oscillating reaction: 17.3.7